brackets

In this item,JIS X 0213Contains characters specified by :2004 (Details).

brackets(Parentheses) isPunctuationOne of the delimiter codes, which is a type of^[1]^[2]. specificText-phrase-Culture-Sequence-FormulaSurround with other partsDistinction,CombineTo clarify the relationshipsymbolIs^[3]^[4]^[5], And also enclose in that symbol^[5](ThatSignTo attach^[4]) Also refers to.

Overview

Parentheses are used in pairs, and the parenthesesOpening parenthesis(Open parenthesis) orOpening parenthesis(Opening parenthesis)Close parenthesis(Parentheses) orClosing bracketCall it (end bracket).Horizontal writingIn the description of the notation, relativelyLeft parenthesis(Hidari brackets)Right parenthesisAlso called (Migi bracket). Also, the parentheses that form a pair areVertical brackets(Vertical brackets), side by side bracketsHorizontal bracketCalled (horizontal brackets).Unlike kana, the shape changes depending on whether it is written vertically or horizontally.In this item, all are handled in horizontal notation,Vertical writingIn the case of, it will be rotated 90 degrees to the right.note that,MathParentheses are also frequently used in and have a special meaning.

起源

16st centuryThere are no parentheses in previous books, and the first appearance of "()"Christopher Clavius 1608/It's like an algebraic book I wrote in. "{ }"teethFrancois VietAs you can see in the book, the actual use in mathematics18st centuryWill be.The name of the parentheses (Klammer) isLeonhard Eulerby^[6].

JapanInEdo PeriodSince I can't find it in the previous literature,Meiji RestorationThought to have been imported around this time^{[Reliability required verification]}.JapaneseSuppose there was a bracket in front of^[When?]^[Who?]There is also a theory^{[Source required]}(*The brackets]), but the details are unknown. The use of parentheses in Japan19st centuryOrchid translation of (Dutch Japanese translationBook), but the specific name was not used yet^[5].

On the other hand,clearLate generationChugokuThen,Scottish National Church OfMissionary(English edition）(1815-1887/）^[7] ^[5], From the beginning of the latter half of the 19th century (1847-1877/) Until "Geometric Originals" Volume 9 (1856/）^[8]などMathematical bookI was working on the translation ofbracketsWas used^[5].. This was transmitted to Japan through another book, and the Japanese-English forest collection』(1886//Meiji 19) and "Engineering vocabulary" (1894// Meiji 27) It was generalized by being recorded^[5].

Types

In bracketsParentheses(Maru brackets)The brackets(Key brackets)Double angle bracket(XNUMX brackets)Square brackets(Curly brackets)Curly braces(Name brackets)Turtle brackets(Children's brackets)Angle brackets(Yamakko)Corner bracketsThere are types such as (closed brackets).

Of these, the Japanese one isParentheses-The brackets-Double angle bracketIs. They are,Point(.)・Reading point(,)midpointTogether with (・)SeparatorCalled.

See below#How to useSee also.

Parentheses ()

brackets	usually	Full-width
brackets/ parentheses	()	()

Parentheses(Marquee) isParlen(British: brackets Abbreviation). In general, parentheses are used when referring to parentheses. In addition,ParenthesesIt is sometimes called (call brackets), but this name is considered undesirable.^{[Note 1]}.

It is used after a word or sentence to add special notes about them.
- Used to indicate the reading of a phrase.
- In some cases, the description itself or additional items that can be skipped are written.
- In parentheses in the sentenceQuestion markIn the form(?)Is an expression that cannot be asserted and leaves room for doubt. [Example: hard disk(?)とmemoryBox with 10 boxes]
- The horizontal bracketsBulletsUsed to enclose each article number, etc. (1),(A)]. The left parenthesis may be omitted [eg: a)].
FormulaIn, you can group the expressionsCalculation OfPriorityIt is used to specify or change the.Programming languageHowever, many languages are used for similar purposes.
Math,Programming languageso,function OfargumentUsed to specify.
In geometryCoordinateThe definition of 1 coordinate is shown.
queueIt is used to represent.
Ordered set,Family,SequenceIt is used to represent.
MathematicalsectionIndicates that it is open.
BASIC Some of suchProgramming language,Script languageThen.配列It is also used to specify the element of.
NovelEtc.Literary works,GameIn the work,会話The expression of the heart and the lines of foreigners and animalsTranslationIt may be used to indicate that Also, in game works, it may be used for conversations in recollection scenes and telepathy (not actually speaking).

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
(	`U+0028`	`1-1-42`	`(` `(`	Opening parenthesis, opening parenthesis LEFT PARENT HESIS
)	`U+0029`	`1-1-43`	`)` `)`	Closing parenthesis, closing parenthesis RIGHT PARENTHESIS
(	`U+FF08`	`1-1-42 包摂`	`（` `（`	Opening parenthesis, opening parenthesis FULLWIDTH LEFT PARENTHESIS
）	`U+FF09`	`1-1-43 包摂`	`）` `）`	Closing parenthesis, closing parenthesis FULLWIDTH RIGHT PARENTHESIS
⎛	`U+239B`	`-`	`⎛` `⎛`	LEFT PARENTHESIS UPPER HOOK
⎜	`U+239C`	`-`	`⎜` `⎜`	LEFT PARENTHESIS EXTENSION
⎝	`U+239D`	`-`	`⎝` `⎝`	LEFT PARENTHESIS LOWER HOOK
⎞	`U+239E`	`-`	`⎞` `⎞`	RIGHT PARENTHESIS UPPER HOOK
⎟	`U+239F`	`-`	`⎟` `⎟`	RIGHT PARENTHESIS EXTENSION
⎠	`U+23A0`	`-`	`⎠` `⎠`	RIGHT PARENTHESIS LOWER HOOK
︵	`U+FE35`	`1-1-42 包摂`	`︵` `︵`	Opening parenthesis, opening parenthesis PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT PARENTHESIS
︶	`U+FE36`	`1-1-43 包摂`	`︶` `︶`	Closing parenthesis, closing parenthesis PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT PARENTHESIS
﴾	`U+FD3E`	`-`	`﴾` `﴾`	ORNATE LEFT PARENTHESIS
﴿	`U+FD3F`	`-`	`﴿` `﴿`	ORNATE RIGHT PARENTHESIS
﹙	`U+FE59`	`-`	`﹙` `﹙`	SMALL LEFT PARENTHESIS
﹚	`U+FE5A`	`-`	`﹚` `﹚`	SMALL RIGHT PARENTHESIS
❨	`U+2768`	`-`	`❨` `❨`	MEDIUM LEFT PARENTHESIS ORNAMENT
❩	`U+2769`	`-`	`❩` `❩`	MEDIUM RIGHT PARENTHESIS ORNAMENT
❪	`U+276A`	`-`	`❪` `❪`	MEDIUM FLATTENED LEFT PARENTHESIS ORNAMENT
❫	`U+276B`	`-`	`❫` `❫`	MEDIUM FLATTENED RIGHT PARENTHESIS ORNAMENT
⁽	`U+207D`	`-`	`⁽` `⁽`	SUPERSCRIPT LEFT PARENTHESIS
⁾	`U+207E`	`-`	`⁾` `⁾`	SUPERSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS
₍	`U+208D`	`-`	`₍` `₍`	SUBSCRIPT LEFT PARENTHESIS
₎	`U+208E`	`-`	`₎` `₎`	SUBSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS

Double parentheses ｟｠

｟｠

With two parentheses that are stacked or connected,Double parenthesis(Nijumaru brackets)Double pearl-Double parenthesisIt's called (two parentheses).

The glyphs to be displayed are as follows: "((" and "(("Outline charactersThere are cases when
In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.
Often used when writing notes.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
⦅	`U+2985`	`1-2-54`	`⦅` `⦅`	Beginning double perlen, beginning double parenthesis LEFT WHITE PARENTHESIS
⦆	`U+2986`	`1-2-55`	`⦆` `⦆`	End double pearl, end double bracket RIGHT WHITE PARENTHESIS
｟	`U+FF5F`	`1-2-54 包摂`	`｟` `｟`	Beginning double perlen, beginning double parenthesis FULLWIDTH LEFT WHITE PARENTHESIS
｠	`U+FF60`	`1-2-55 包摂`	`｠` `｠`	End double pearl, end double bracket FULLWIDTH RIGHT WHITE PARENTHESIS
⸨	`U+2E28`	`-`	`⸨` `⸨`	LEFT DOUBLE PARENT HESIS
⸩	`U+2E29`	`-`	`⸩` `⸩`	RIGHT DOUBLE PARENT HESIS

Angle bracket ""

The brackets	usually	Half-angle (Half-width kana）
Angle brackets / Corner Bracket	""	""

The brackets(Key brackets)

Traditionally, it was put at the beginning of a sentence when writing a person's conversation part.HermitageFrom the place surrounded by "" and the symbol "" indicating a line break.It is said that the brackets were created as the brackets that surround the conversation.^{[By whom?]}.
引用(Quotation marksIt is also used when inserting a word or phrase that draws a special attention (#How to useSee).
Half-width angle bracketHalf-width kanaTreated as.
In novels, etc., to show that multiple people have said the same thing,"""Hook"""May be used by stacking multiple brackets like^[9].

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
"	`U+300C`	`1-1-54`	`「` `「`	Opening brackets LEFT CORNER BRACKET
'	`U+300D`	`1-1-55`	`」` `」`	Closing bracket RIGHT CORNER BRACKET
"	`U+FF62`	`1-1-54 包摂`	`｢` `｢`	Opening brackets HALFWIDTH LEFT CORNER BRACKET
"	`U+FF63`	`1-1-55 包摂`	`｣` `｣`	Closing bracket HALFWIDTH RIGHT CORNER BRACKET
﹁	`U+FE41`	`1-1-54 包摂`	`﹁` `﹁`	Opening brackets PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT CORNER BRACKET
﹂	`U+FE42`	`1-1-55 包摂`	`﹂` `﹂`	Closing bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT CORNER BRACKET

Double angle bracket ""

""

Double angle bracket(Two brackets) isDouble hook(XNUMX keys)White bracketsAlso called (white bracket) (#How to useSee).

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
"	`U+300E`	`1-1-56`	`『` `『`	Opening double angle bracket LEFT WHITE CORNER BRACKET
"	`U+300F`	`1-1-57`	`』` `』`	Closing double angle bracket RIGHT WHITE CORNER BRACKET
﹃	`U+FE43`	`1-1-56 包摂`	`﹃` `﹃`	Opening double angle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT WHITE CORNER BRACKET
﹄	`U+FE44`	`1-1-57 包摂`	`﹄` `﹄`	Closing double angle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT WHITE CORNER BRACKET

Square brackets []

Square brackets	usually	Full-width
Close parenthesis / Square Bracket	[]	[]

Square bracketsIs the parenthesisbracket(British: bracket). In addition,BracketsIt is sometimes called "Daikakko", but this name is considered undesirable.^{[Note 1]}.

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed use (#How to useSee).
FormulaIn, in addition to using parentheses () when nesting parentheses (), there is also a form where square brackets are used instead of parentheses.^{[Note 1]}.
MathematicalsectionIndicates that it is closed.
In the natural sciences, when a unit is described in a table or graph, it is added to clearly indicate that it is a unit.For example, "Acceleration [m / s²]"Such.
In chemistry, [H₂O] likeChemical species OfconcentrationRepresents In addition, [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻ likeComplex ionIs also used for.
LinguisticsThen (phonemenot)voiceIt is used when notating.
Many including C languageProgramming languageThen.配列Used to define the content of.
ウィキIn the grammar, it is often used to create internal and external links such as "[[internal link]]" and "[http://www.example.com external link]".
URLToIPv6 addressEnclose the IPv6 address in square brackets. This is the IPv6 addresscolon This is because (":") conflicts with the colon that indicates the port number.
In financial transaction contract documents, the part of the condition that has not been finalized may be enclosed in square brackets. For example, if the transaction date, interest rate, etc. are not fixed but are schedules or assumptions, enclose them in square brackets, such as [MYY D day of YYYY] or [0.75]%.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
[	`U+005B`	`1-1-46`	`[` `[`	Opening brackets, opening brackets LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
]	`U+005D`	`1-1-47`	`]` `]`	Closing bracket, closing bracket RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET
[	`U+FF3B`	`1-1-46 包摂`	`［` `［`	Opening brackets, opening brackets FULLWIDTH LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
]	`U+FF3D`	`1-1-47 包摂`	`］` `］`	Closing bracket, closing bracket FULLWIDTH RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET
⎡	`U+23A1`	`-`	`⎡` `⎡`	LEFT SQUARE BRACKET UPPER CORNER
⎢	`U+23A2`	`-`	`⎢` `⎢`	LEFT SQUARE BRACKET EXTENSION
⎣	`U+23A3`	`-`	`⎣` `⎣`	LEFT SQUARE BRACKET LOWER CORNER
⎤	`U+23A4`	`-`	`⎤` `⎤`	RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET UPPER CORNER
⎥	`U+23A5`	`-`	`⎥` `⎥`	RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET EXTENSION
⎦	`U+23A6`	`-`	`⎦` `⎦`	RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET LOWER CORNER
﹇	`U+FE47`	`1-1-46 包摂`	`﹇` `﹇`	Opening brackets, opening brackets PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
﹈	`U+FE48`	`1-1-47 包摂`	`﹈` `﹈`	Closing bracket, closing bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET

Double brackets 〚〛

〚〛

Double brackets(Two parentheses)

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.
The displayed glyph is "["Outline charactersIn some cases, a vertical line is placed in the center of "[".

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
〚	`U+301A`	`-`	`〚` `〚`	LEFT WHITE SQUARE BRACKET
〛	`U+301B`	`-`	`〛` `〛`	RIGHT WHITE SQUARE BRACKET
⟦	`U+27E6`	`-`	`⟦` `⟦`	MATHEMATICAL LEFT WHITE SQUARE BRACKET
⟧	`U+27E7`	`-`	`⟧` `⟧`	MATHEMATICAL RIGHT WHITE SQUARE BRACKET

Curly braces {}

Curly braces	usually	Full-width
Nami brackets / Curly Bracket	{}	{}

Curly braces(Nami brackets)Braces-Brace(British: embers)and Curly bracket(British: curly bracket)・curl(British: curl). In addition,Curly bracesIt is sometimes called "Cub", but this is not considered desirable.^{[Note 1]}.

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.
- Parentheses ()Nesting, It may be used to clarify the range delimited by each bracket.
FormulaIn, when the square brackets [] are nested, the outer brackets are often curly braces.^{[Note 1]}.
MathInsetUsed when describing.
manyProgramming languageThen.blockUsed when describing.
WikiUsed to call magic words and templates in. {{!}} {{PAGENAME}} {{citation needed}} etc.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
{	`U+007B`	`1-1-48`	`{` `{`	Opening brace, opening brace LEFT CURLY BRACKET
}	`U+007D`	`1-1-49`	`}` `}`	Closing brace, closing brace RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
{	`U+FF5B`	`1-1-48 包摂`	`｛` `｛`	Opening brace, opening brace FULLWIDTH LEFT CURLY BRACKET
｝	`U+FF5D`	`1-1-49 包摂`	`｝` `｝`	Closing brace, closing brace FULLWIDTH RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
⎧	`U+23A7`	`-`	`⎧` `⎧`	LEFT CURLY BRACKET UPPER HOOK
⎨	`U+23A8`	`-`	`⎨` `⎨`	LEFT CURLY BRACKET MIDDLE PIECE
⎩	`U+23A9`	`-`	`⎩` `⎩`	LEFT CURLY BRACKET LOWER HOOK
⎪	`U+23AA`	`-`	`⎪` `⎪`	CURLY BRACKET EXTENSION
⎫	`U+23AB`	`-`	`⎫` `⎫`	RIGHT CURLY BRACKET UPPER HOOK
⎬	`U+23AC`	`-`	`⎬` `⎬`	RIGHT CURLY BRACKET MIDDLE PIECE
⎭	`U+23AD`	`-`	`⎭` `⎭`	RIGHT CURLY BRACKET LOWER HOOK
⎰	`U+23B0`	`-`	`⎰` `⎰`	UPPER LEFT OR LOWER RIGHT CURLY BRACKET SECTION
⎱	`U+23B1`	`-`	`⎱` `⎱`	UPPER RIGHT OR LOWER LEFT CURLY BRACKET SECTION
︷	`U+FE37`	`1-1-48 包摂`	`︷` `︷`	Opening brace, opening brace PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT CURLY BRACKET
︸	`U+FE38`	`1-1-49 包摂`	`︸` `︸`	Closing brace, closing brace PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
﹛	`U+FE5B`	`-`	`﹛` `﹛`	SMALL LEFT CURLY BRACKET
﹜	`U+FE5C`	`-`	`﹜` `﹜`	SMALL RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
❴	`U+2774`	`-`	`❴` `❴`	MEDIUM LEFT CURLY BRACKET ORNAMENT
❵	`U+2775`	`-`	`❵` `❵`	MEDIUM RIGHT CURLY BRACKET ORNAMENT

Turtle brackets []

[]

Turtle bracketsIs the parenthesisTortoiseshell(Kikkou)Kikko-Turtle parenthesisIt is also called (turtle parenthesis).

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed use (#How to useSee).

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
[	`U+3014`	`1-1-44`	`〔` `〔`	Beginning tortoise brackets LEFT TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET
]	`U+3015`	`1-1-45`	`〕` `〕`	Closing turtle bracket RIGHT TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET
❲	`U+2772`	`-`	`❲` `❲`	LIGHT LEFT TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET ORNAMENT
❳	`U+2773`	`-`	`❳` `❳`	LIGHT RIGHT TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET ORNAMENT
⟮	`U+27EE`	`-`	`⟮` `⟮`	MATHEMATICAL LEFT FLATTENED PARENTHESIS
⟯	`U+27EF`	`-`	`⟯` `⟯`	MATHEMATICAL RIGHT FLATTENED PARENTHESIS
︹	`U+FE39`	`1-1-44 包摂`	`︹` `︹`	Beginning tortoise brackets PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET
︺	`U+FE3A`	`1-1-45 包摂`	`︺` `︺`	Closing turtle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET

Double hexagonal brackets 〘〙

〘〙

Double turtle brackets(Niikyu brackets)

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.
The glyph to display is "["Outline charactersThere are 3 types: "[[" and a horizontal line in the center of "[".

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
〘	`U+3018`	`1-2-56`	`〘` `〘`	Beginning double turtle bracket LEFT WHITE TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET
〙	`U+3019`	`1-2-57`	`〙` `〙`	End double turtle bracket RIGHT WHITE TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET
⟬	`U+27EC`	`-`	`⟬` `⟬`	MATHEMATICAL LEFT WHITE TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET
⟭	`U+27ED`	`-`	`⟭` `⟭`	MATHEMATICAL RIGHT WHITE TORTOISE SHELL BRACKET

Angle brackets <>

<>

Angle brackets(Yamakko) isMountain hook(Yamakagi)Mountain pearl(Yama Parlen)Angle bracket(British: angle bracket).

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed use (#How to useSee).
MathThen.inner productMay be used for.
Quantum mechanicsThen,Bracket notationUsed for.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
〈	`U+3008`	`1-1-50`	`〈` `〈`	Opening angle bracket LEFT ANGLE BRACKET
>	`U+3009`	`1-1-51`	`〉` `〉`	Closing angle bracket RIGHT ANGLE BRACKET
〈	`U+2329`	`-`	`&lang;` `〈` `〈`	LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET
〉	`U+232A`	`-`	`&rang;` `〉` `〉`	RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET
❬	`U+276C`	`-`	`❬` `❬`	MEDIUM LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET ORNAMENT
❭	`U+276D`	`-`	`❭` `❭`	MEDIUM RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET ORNAMENT
❰	`U+2770`	`-`	`❰` `❰`	HEAVY LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET ORNAMENT
❱	`U+2771`	`-`	`❱` `❱`	HEAVY RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET ORNAMENT
⧼	`U+29FC`	`-`	`⧼` `⧼`	LEFT-POINTING CURVED ANGLE BRACKET
⧽	`U+29FD`	`-`	`⧽` `⧽`	RIGHT-POINTING CURVED ANGLE BRACKET
⟨	`U+27E8`	`-`	`⟨` `⟨`	MATHEMATICAL LEFT ANGLE BRACKET
⟩	`U+27E9`	`-`	`⟩` `⟩`	MATHEMATICAL RIGHT ANGLE BRACKET
︿	`U+FE3F`	`1-1-50 包摂`	`︿` `︿`	Opening angle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT ANGLE BRACKET
﹀	`U+FE40`	`1-1-51 包摂`	`﹀` `﹀`	Closing angle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT ANGLE BRACKET

Double angle bracket <<

《》

Double angle bracket(Niiyama parenthesis)

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed use (#How to useSee).
- Aozora BunkoIn the formrubyUsed to denote^[10].

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
'	`U+300A`	`1-1-52`	`《` `《`	Opening double angle bracket LEFT DOUBLE ANGLE BRACKET
"	`U+300B`	`1-1-53`	`》` `》`	Closing double angle bracket RIGHT DOUBLE ANGLE BRACKET
⟪	`U+27EA`	`-`	`⟪` `⟪`	MATHEMATICAL LEFT DOUBLE ANGLE BRACKET
⟫	`U+27EB`	`-`	`⟫` `⟫`	MATHEMATICAL RIGHT DOUBLE ANGLE BRACKET
︽	`U+FE3D`	`1-1-52 包摂`	`︽` `︽`	Opening double angle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT DOUBLE ANGLE BRACKET
︾	`U+FE3E`	`1-1-53 包摂`	`︾` `︾`	Closing double angle bracket PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT DOUBLE ANGLE BRACKET

Gume «»

«»

Gume(Buddha: quotation mark) Is mainly used in EuropeQuotation marks.Double angle bracket quotation markIt is also called (Nyu-Yama-Kakkou-inyo).

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
«	`U+00AB`	`1-9-8`	`«` `«` `«`	Double quotation marks at the beginning, Gumeme at the beginning LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
»	`U+00BB`	`1-9-18`	`»` `»` `»`	End double angle bracket quotation mark, end güme RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
<	`U+2039`	`-`	`&lsaquo;` `‹` `‹`	SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
>	`U+203A`	`-`	`&rsaquo;` `›` `›`	SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK

Substitute notation

In the computer world,ASCII It is inInequality sign “<” (U + 003C) ・ “>” (U + 003E) may be used to express angle brackets.This is used in the following situations.

XHTML/HTML,XML など SGML SystemMarkup languageso,<foo>...</foo> It is used to describe tags such as.
C++ Then,template OfargumentUsed to indicate

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
<	`U+003C`	`1-1-67`	`<` `<` `<`	Inequality sign (less than) LESS-THAN SIGN
>	`U+003E`	`1-1-68`	`>` `>` `>`	Inequality sign (greater than) GREATER-THAN SIGN

Corner bracket []

[]

Corner brackets(Square brackets)Cornered pellen(Surrounded pearls)Turtle shell(Futtokko)Black turtle shell(Black)Black bracketsAlso called (closed bracket).

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.
- It is often used to emphasize or emphasize.
- It is often used for notation of item names.
- Kanji dictionaryThen.Education kanjiMay be used to indicate.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
【	`U+3010`	`1-1-58`	`【` `【`	Opening brackets LEFT BLACK LENTICULAR BRACKET
】	`U+3011`	`1-1-59`	`】` `】`	Closing corner brackets RIGHT BLACK LENTICULAR BRACKET
︻	`U+FE3B`	`1-1-58 包摂`	`︻` `︻`	Opening brackets PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT BLACK LENTICULAR BRACKET
︼	`U+FE3C`	`1-1-59 包摂`	`︼` `︼`	Closing corner brackets PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT BLACK LENTICULAR BRACKET

Brackets with corners (white) 〖〗

〖〗

Corner brackets (white)[Broken parenthesis]

In Japanese grammar, it does not correspond to a supplementary sign and has no fixed purpose.
- In the Japanese-Kanji dictionary,Common kanjiMay be used to indicate that.

symbol	Unicode	JIS X 0213	Character reference	Name
〖	`U+3016`	`1-2-58`	`〖` `〖`	Opening brackets (white) LEFT WHITE LENTICULAR BRACKET
〗	`U+3017`	`1-2-59`	`〗` `〗`	Parentheses with end corners (white) RIGHT WHITE LENTICULAR BRACKET
︗	`U+FE17`	`1-2-58 包摂`	`︗` `︗`	Opening brackets (white) PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL LEFT WHITE LENTICULAR BRACKET
︘	`U+FE18`	`1-2-59 包摂`	`︘` `︘`	Parentheses with end corners (white) PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT WHITE LENTICULAR BRAKCET

Other parentheses

In Japanese, various parentheses are used in addition to the above.For example, parentheses in the shape of "[(", ")]" or parentheses in which the curve inside "[", "]" is written as a dogleg-shaped straight line (<,>).^[11].

How to use

Practices in official writing and school education as there are no formal rules^[12]And in actual examples, there are some that are very different.The following is an example, and especially for publications, please refer to the standards of the other party and publisher.

Explanation supplement

When adding supplements()Use, and put a punctuation mark outside the parentheses at the end of the sentence.

Example: Here's how to use parentheses (including usage as quotation marks).

Present a statement

The speaking part of a person""Is used.When a sentence is quoted'You can put a punctuation mark before, but it is often not put in publications.

Example: He said, "It's difficult to use parentheses. There are various uses."

Only the remark part may be shown by changing the line or paragraph.Indentation at the beginning of a sentence may be done, but it is often not done in publications.

example:

He said.

"It's difficult to use parentheses. There are various uses."

That's right.

Name presentation

When a work consists of multiple works, the name of each work""To the name of the whole work or collection of works""Are used respectively.

Example: Listen to "Beta" from the album "Alpha".

For books,Book-magazine-News (Chinese)Such as the title of""To use. For individual work names, journal article names, newspaper article names, etc. that compose a book""To use.

Example: "Delta" is being serialized in the magazine "Epsilon"! The book "Delta" will be released this summer.

引用

引用The sentence to do is""Surround with. In the quoted text""Is used,""The""Replace with.

Example of quoted text: The "truth" will eventually be revealed.

Example: The critic said that "the "truth" will eventually be revealed."

If the author adds a supplement in the quote,[] or []Surround with.

Example: According to the dictionary, a quotation mark is a "symbol indicating that [another sentence or word] is quoted in a sentence".

If the author adds a supplement to the oral statement, add that part.()Surround with.

Example: The Prime Minister said in a press conference that he will send a bill (to the House of Councilors) next week.

If you want to emphasize a part of the quotation, add a dot, underline, bold, etc. to that part and add it at the end of the quotation.()Use the to indicate that the quoter emphasized.

Example: According to the dictionary, quotation marks are "in a sentence, [another sentence or word]CitingIt is a symbol that indicates that (the author is in bold).

If you omit part of the quote,[Normal],[Omitted]Or two 3-point readers lined up……And so on.

Emphasis, etc.

When emphasizing a phrase“” or 〝〟To use.""Is sometimes used, but it is not used when it is desired to avoid mixing because it is a symbol used in various other usages.

“”It is,So-called-So to speakIt is also used to indicate that words should not be taken literally.

Example: A "work" called family service on a holiday was waiting.

In the name""May be attached, and the other party may declare that he/she says so, but does not accept it.^[13].

Example: Japanese rocket technology was developed "purely peacefully"^[14].

In academic books, use keywords and phrases used in your own definitions.〈〉Or more emphasis《》May be enclosed in.

All of these emphasizing symbols can be used together, but the nuances of the writer are left to the proper usage.

Example: Advertising is primarily driven by the mass media, or “professionals”. However, in recent years, the word of mouth on the Internet has had a great influence. It is, so to speak, "advertising behavior" by amateurs.

footnote

[How to use footnotes]

注釈

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e
- In some countries, such as Japan, nesting of parentheses in mathematical formulas has been used in the order [{()}]. However, the method used in order of {[()]} is the majority in the world.
- JIS Z 8201In 1981, the names "small brackets", "braces" and "brackets" were abolished, and now they are written as "round brackets", "square brackets" and "braces."
  - In addition, thisJapanese Industrial Standard In the (JIS) commentary, the order of nesting parentheses/brackets/braces is not specified, and the majority of {[()]} are 90% of the total).

Source

^ Sanseido"Daijirin3rd edition. “Separator". Koto bank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ Shogakukan"DigitalDaijisen』.“Punctuation mark”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ Shogakukan "Digital Daijisen". "brackets”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ ^a ^b Sanseido "Daijirin" 3rd edition. "brackets”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Shogakkan "Selected Edition Japanese language dictionary』.“brackets”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ Tetsunori Kurogi "Natokuru Mathematics Symbols" Kodansha <Blue Bucks>, 2021, p. 91.ISBN 9784065225509.
^ "Britannica International Encyclopedia Subitem Encyclopedia ”.“Wiley”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ "Encyclopaedia Britannica Subitem Encyclopedia". "Geometric original”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.
^ Fukami Jellyfish (September 2016, 9). “How to write the depiction of """Multiple brackets"" and how many people speak at the same time". Tarot plot creation laboratory. 2020/6/23Browse.
^ HTML version Aozora Bunko operative work manual — 2. Input-1 # [Ruby]
^ "17th A glimpse into the deep world of punctuation | DNP Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd."Is published in the Meiji era that was actually used.
^ There is no official notification, butHow to use the nail codeIs referred to.
^ Ohara Institute of Social Affairs, Hosei Universityof"IV Enactment of various laws related to national railway division/privatization and preparations for transition to a new companyInUnion"Japan Communist Party OfFake "leftist" violent group"Left wing" usage,Japanese Government Rocket fired by North Koreaabout,"Missile launch case called "artificial satellite" by North Korea", as well as "Islamic countrySee the notation, etc.
^ In fact, it was taken overseasKappa rocket diverted to military use in a third countryHas been done.

Related item

[jun-9] 
In some countries, such as Japan, nesting of parentheses in mathematical formulas has been used in the order [{()}]. However, the method used in order of {[()]} is the majority in the world.
JIS Z 8201In 1981, the names "small brackets", "braces" and "brackets" were abolished, and now they are written as "round brackets", "square brackets" and "braces."
In addition, thisJapanese Industrial Standard In the (JIS) commentary, the order of nesting parentheses/brackets/braces is not specified, and the majority of {[()]} are 90% of the total).

[2] In some countries, such as Japan, nesting of parentheses in mathematical formulas has been used in the order [{()}]. However, the method used in order of {[()]} is the majority in the world.

[3] JIS Z 8201In 1981, the names "small brackets", "braces" and "brackets" were abolished, and now they are written as "round brackets", "square brackets" and "braces."
In addition, thisJapanese Industrial Standard In the (JIS) commentary, the order of nesting parentheses/brackets/braces is not specified, and the majority of {[()]} are 90% of the total).

[4] In addition, thisJapanese Industrial Standard In the (JIS) commentary, the order of nesting parentheses/brackets/braces is not specified, and the majority of {[()]} are 90% of the total).

[kb_区切り符号-1] Sanseido"Daijirin3rd edition. “Separator". Koto bank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[kb_句切り符号-2] Shogakukan"DigitalDaijisen』.“Punctuation mark”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[kb泉-3] Shogakukan "Digital Daijisen". "brackets”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[kb林-4] Sanseido "Daijirin" 3rd edition. "brackets”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[kb日国辞-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Shogakkan "Selected Edition Japanese language dictionary』.“brackets”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[6] Tetsunori Kurogi "Natokuru Mathematics Symbols" Kodansha <Blue Bucks>, 2021, p. 91.ISBN 9784065225509.

[kb_ワイリー-7] "Britannica International Encyclopedia Subitem Encyclopedia ”.“Wiley”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[kb_幾何原本-8] "Encyclopaedia Britannica Subitem Encyclopedia". "Geometric original”. Kotobank. 2020/6/17Browse.

[10] Fukami Jellyfish (September 2016, 9). “How to write the depiction of """Multiple brackets"" and how many people speak at the same time". Tarot plot creation laboratory. 2020/6/23Browse.

[11] HTML version Aozora Bunko operative work manual — 2. Input-1 # [Ruby]

[12] "17th A glimpse into the deep world of punctuation | DNP Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd."Is published in the Meiji era that was actually used.

[13] There is no official notification, butHow to use the nail codeIs referred to.

[14] Ohara Institute of Social Affairs, Hosei Universityof"IV Enactment of various laws related to national railway division/privatization and preparations for transition to a new companyInUnion"Japan Communist Party OfFake "leftist" violent group"Left wing" usage,Japanese Government Rocket fired by North Koreaabout,"Missile launch case called "artificial satellite" by North Korea", as well as "Islamic countrySee the notation, etc.

[15] In fact, it was taken overseasKappa rocket diverted to military use in a third countryHas been done.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[Note 1]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

Tsubasa Honda, Alice Hirose, Masataka Kubota, praise for the cool off-shots "Fearful, actors" "Beauty ...

Wikipedia related words

brackets

Overview

起源

Types

Parentheses ()

Double parentheses ｟ ｠

Angle bracket ""

Double angle bracket ""

Square brackets []

Double brackets 〚〛

Curly braces {}

Turtle brackets []

Double hexagonal brackets 〘〙

Angle brackets <>

Double angle bracket <<

Gume «»

Substitute notation

Corner bracket []

Brackets with corners (white) 〖〗

Other parentheses

How to use

Explanation supplement

Present a statement

Name presentation

引用

Emphasis, etc.

footnote

注 釈

Source

Related item

brackets

Overview

起源

Types

Parentheses ()

Double parentheses ｟ ｠

Angle bracket ""

Double angle bracket ""

Square brackets []

Double brackets 〚〛

Curly braces {}

Turtle brackets []

Double hexagonal brackets 〘〙

Angle brackets <>

Double angle bracket <<

Gume «»

Substitute notation

Corner bracket []

Brackets with corners (white) 〖〗

Other parentheses

How to use

Explanation supplement

Present a statement

Name presentation

引用

Emphasis, etc.

footnote

注 釈

Source

Related item

Double parentheses ｟｠

注釈

Double parentheses ｟｠

注釈