Serial killer(British: Serial killer, Serial = continuous, permuted) is a term commonly used for serial killers who repeat multiple murders over a month or more with a constant cooling period under abnormal psychological desires. Is^[1][2].. Most serial killers are intended to satisfy psychological needs and also involve sexual contact with the victim, but the motive is not necessarily limited to that.^[1].Murderer,Pleasure murderIt may also refer to the criminal who repeats.

Show that it is your own crimeTrickIt may leave some unique sign, and the victims may have something in common with their appearance, occupation, gender, etc.^[3].

Overview / Definition

The English word "serial killer" is originallyFBI agent OfRobert K. ResslerBut,Ted Bundy(Theodore Robert Bundy, a serial killer who killed more than 36 women in the United States, executed in 1989) is said to have been proposed in September 1984. Similar meanings such as serial murderer and serial homicide have been used for some time.

There are multiple definitions of serial killers, but according to an FBI report^[1], It is summarized in the following common items.

• Crimes by one person, rarely multiple people
• There are two or more murder victims
• The murders are separate and happen at different times
• Crimes can be committed at regular intervalsMass murder Distinguish between (mass murder) and serial murder

A serial killer is characterized by repeating multiple murders (serially) after a certain period of time (cooling period). If you kill a large number of people at once (1 or more within a day by FBI definition)Mass murderThe criminals are called mass murderers and mass murderers. In addition, anyone who committed murder in more than one place within a short period of timeSpree KillerThis is also distinguished.

It is widely believed by experts that the number of victims meets the definition of a serial killer with at least three murder victims.^[4].. Legally, the HR1998 --Protection of Children From Sexual Predators Act of 3494, enacted by the US Congress in 1998.^[5]In the statement, "serial killings here are three or more murders in a row, all of which were reasonably committed in the United States and committed by the same criminal or criminals. It is inferred. "

In 2005, the FBI held an interdisciplinary symposium in San Antonio, Texas.^{[Source required]}.. This is about serial murderknowledge135 serial killers from different disciplines to identify commonalitiesExpertIt is a collection of. The group also summarized the definition of serial murder, which FBI agents have widely accepted as its standard, as "unlawful killing of two or more victims by the same criminal in separate cases."^{[Source required]}.. However, this definition does not take into account the motives for killing and does not define a cooling period.

動機

According to the FBI report, the motive for killing serial killers is often a kind of lust murder to satisfy their desires. However, the direct motive is not limited to sexuality, but also includes anger, profit, thrill and attention.^[1].. Robert R. Hazelwood of the FBI Behavioral Sciences motivates serial killers to "satisfy their self-esteem." In other words, it fulfills one's desire by projecting and showing off one's own power to the victim based on "the desire for power, resentment, and the desire for control" toward others, and the criminal act ("self-esteem crime") It means that rape and body damage may be involved as part of this.^[6].. Therefore, in many cases, some of the ornaments and bodies worn by the victim are stored as "trophy (souvenir / loot)".

The motives of serial killers are generally divided into the following four categories:^[7].. The motives of the individual serial killers may overlap.

Visionary

Visionary types are oftenMental illnessSymptoms, unrealistic, claiming a different personality, or something else (God or Devil)^[8]Instigated by, or claimed to have been permitted^[9].. Telepathically communicated(English edition）Is that type^[10] .

Mission system (sense of mission)

The type of mission justifies one's actions just to eliminate certain types of people who are generally defined as "undesirable." The victims include homeless people, criminal records, homosexuals, drug addicts, prostitutes, or people of a particular race or religion. This type is especiallyMental illnessDoes not show a temperament^[11].. Some think that they change society and cure social illnesses^[12].

Hedonist

This type of serial killer gets thrills and pleasures from murder and sees people as just a means or object. Is divided into three child types: "libido", "thrill", and "for a comfortable life (profit)"^[13].

Libido

This type isセ ッ ク スIs the main motive, regardless of whether the victim is dead. Your fantasy plays an important role. Sexual serial killers have a psychological desire to have absolute control, control, and power over their victims.tortureThere is a desire to cause death while giving pain^[14].. The crime is usually committed using a knife or hand that requires close contact with the victim. As the crime continues, the intervals between murders usually become shorter, require more stimulation, or both.^[15].

thrill

This type of thrilling murder is stimulating and arousing by inflicting pain and fear on the victims. Thrill murders usually do not result in sexual contact and the victims are randomly selected. This type of serial killer can also refrain from murder for a long time. Every time I commit a crimeTrickI think I will not be caught aiming for a perfect crime^[16].Robert HansenIs that type^[17].Zodiac KillerBut he sent a letter to the newspaper saying, "Murder is better than sex. It's the most thrilling."^[18].(English edition）Is testified by the victim that he was "enjoyed and excited"^[19][20].

For a comfortable life (profit)

Motivation for material profit or for a comfortable life. Victims are usually family members or close acquaintances. Wait for the suspicion to clear at intervals of murder so as not to be suspected. Often used as poisoning. Female serial killers are often of this type. Not everyone^[21].

Show off and control power

The main purpose of this type of serial killer is to project and show power to the victim. This type of serial killer may have been abused in early childhood and may feel helpless or unsatisfactory as an adult. Many of these power and control serial killers commit sexual abuse, with the difference that rape (unlike libido-type serial killers) is not based on libido but a form of domination.^[22].Ted BundyCan be said to be this type of serial killer^[23].

Criminal image

The vast majority of serial killers are seemingly ordinary people, with jobs, homes and children, and living as members of normal society. In addition, there is no bias in a particular race, and it is proportional to the racial composition of that country. Often of varying degreesMental disorder,Psychopathy(So-called psychopaths), which may contribute to murderous behavior^[1][24].. Depends on familyMental,physical,SexualIAbuseMany people come from unstable families^[3]. Also,juvenile-youthFrequently in the timesBullyingYou may have been socially isolated.AnimalTheAbuseSome people were doing it.scam,theft, Some are involved in crimes such as vandalism^[25].

類型

FBIAccording to the "Crime Classification Manual" of, serial killers are divided into the following three categories.^[26].

• Organized type
• Disorganized type
• Mixed type

Organized serial killers plan their crimes in detail. For example, a victim is kidnapped, killed, and then abandoned elsewhere. Invite the victim with a hand that often appeals to the victim's sympathy. Or, aim for prostitutes whose profession is to follow others voluntarily. Such a serial killer will firmly destroy evidence even at the crime scene.Forensic scienceHe also has knowledge about burying bodies and putting weights on them to sink them into the river. Carefully understand your crimes reported in the media and often take pride in yourself. Organized serial killers have a high ability to maintain social skills and relationships, have friends, romantic relationships, get married, build a family, and have children. This type of serial killer is the type that people around me say after being arrested, "I didn't look like a kind and injuring person."Ted Bundy,John wayneIs classified as this organized type^[27].. Generally speaking, this type of IQ is around the overall average (94.7)^[28].

Disorganized serial killers are usually much more impulsive. Often, they use what is on the spot to kill them. Mostly, they don't even try to hide their bodies. He is unemployed or is a wolf type and has few friends. Often have a mental illness or have been committedTrickThere is often excessive violence, such as tactics, and sometimesNecrophiliaWith sexual assault^[29].. The disorganized serial killer has a slightly lower IQ of 92.8 than the organized type.^[28]

The mixed type may change from an organized type to a disorganized type by mixing the above two types.

health care worker

Called the "angel of death" type, there are many cases of serial murder by medical professionals worldwide. Originally many in the nursing industry, he commits crimes by abusing his strong position to provide care to the vulnerable and his medical knowledge.

Female

Female serial killers are rarer than male ones^{[30][31][32][33]}.. Female serial killers in America 1800から 2004Less than 6 in 1 serial killers (416 out of 64 known female offenders), 15% of American serial killers are female and the total number of victims is between 427 and 612 Is said to be^[34][35][36].. A book about female serial killersLethal LadiesAuthors Amanda L. Farrell, Robert D. Keppel, and Victoria B. Tintinton said:Ministry of JusticePoints out that 36 serial killers have been active during the last century. "^[36].The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & PsychologyShows evidence that 16% of all serial killers are women^[37].

Famous serial killer

Hereinafter, they will be described in alphabetical order.

Japan

• Akiyoshi Umekawa
• Kiyoshi Okubo
• Ryuun Daimai
• Tetsuo Odashima
• Kiyotaka Katsuta
• Kanae Kijima
• Genzo Kurita
• Yoshio Kodaira
• Sake Demon Rose Seito
• Sadakichi Shimizu
• Norio Nagayama
• Nishiguchi Akira
• Sokichi Furuya
• Sataro Fukiage
• Keisetsu Hori
• Miyazaki Tsutomu

Overseas

Serial killer related cases

Japan (incident)

• Amagasaki incident
• Akita child serial murder case
• Large hospital continuous drip poisoning death case
• Osaka dog lover serial murder case
• Osaka/Aichi/Gifu Consecutive Lynch Murder Case
• Osaka sisters murder case-Yamaguchi mother murder case --The crime by the same crime.
• Osaka consecutive disjointed murder cases
• Onikuma Incident
• Omuta 4 murder case
• Kawasaki Elderly Housing with Care Serial Killer
• Kawachi Ten Killing
• Kansai cyanide consecutive death case
• North Kanto consecutive kidnapping murder case - False accusationIt became an incidentAshikaga IncidentIs also included.
• Kitakyushu Confinement Murder Case
• Kumagai serial murder case --The perpetrator's brother said, "ペルーThe worst murderer in history "Pedro Pablo Nakada Rudenya
• National Police Agency Wide Area Important Designation No. 115 Case
• National Police Agency Wide Area Important Designation No. 118 Case
• National Police Agency Wide Area Important Designation No. 121 Case
• Kotobuki Incident
• Mixed-blood boy serial murder case
• Saitama pet dog serial murder case
• Sakai City consecutive robbery murder case
• Saga 7 consecutive murder cases
• 座間9人殺害事件
• Suicide site murder case
• Shinjuku Kabukicho love hotel serial murder case
• Snack mama serial murder case
• Tsuyama incident
• Miyuki Ueta Suspicious Death Case
• Toyama-Nagano consecutive woman kidnapping murder case
• Nagano / Aichi 4 consecutive robbery murder cases
• Hamamatsu serial murder case
• Hiroshima taxi driver serial murder case
• Fukuoka 3 women consecutive robbery murder case
• Fujisawa city mother and daughter killed 5 people
• Honjo insurance money murder case
• Yamaguchi continuous murder and arson case
• Nishiguchi Akira Case

Overseas (incident)

• Ukraine 21
• Ipswich serial murder case
• Chijon family murder case
• Serial murders in southwestern Seoul
• Zodiac Killer
• Toronto serial murder
• Hwaseong serial murder case
• Burke and Hare murder
• Monster of Florence
• Moors murder case
• Boston strangulation case
• Whitechapel murder
• Ratcliff Highway Murder Case
• Lainz Hospital patient serial murder case
• Long Island serial killer

Serial killer related characters and related works

Works on serial killers

footnote

Related item

• psychopath
• Psycho killer
• Mass murder
• Spree Killer(Indiscriminate murder)
• Passage
• Pleasure murder
• Travis Lutter --Has a nickname of "serial killer"Mixed fighter.
• National Police Agency Wide Area Important Designated Case

This section describes the means by which you can arrest a suspect. International Criminal Police OrganizationRegarding the system for searching for suspects and missing persons,International arrangement"Please refer to the. For TV Asahi programs, see "Wanted (TV program)"Please refer to the. About TV dramaWanted (TV drama)"Please refer to the.

Fugitive warrant(Wanted yes) isPolicemenArrestedWritIs outSuspectTheArrestMeans to do.

Wanted in Japan

Legal basis

National Public Safety CommissionSet byRuleIsCode of criminal investigationArticle 31 and below stipulate, and Article 7 and below of the Criminal Investigation Mutual Aid Regulations also have similar provisions.The legal nature of the Criminal Investigation Code and the Criminal Investigation Mutual Aid Regulations is based on the internal police arrangements set by the National Public Safety Commission.Administrative rules).

In other words,normal personHas some legal effect onlaworcommandIt is not a (legal order).Therefore, by "wanted", the suspectNameIt should be noted that, etc. do not have the legal effect of being publicly disclosed to the general public.However, in the most important cases, police agencies nationwide (Police headquartersFrom the endPolice boxIn addition to (up to)public facilityIt is not uncommon to use an investigative method called an open investigation, in which the suspect's face photo and name are distributed to the public and the cooperation of the general public is called for.

Of a particular caseinvestigationThe police in charge of the police are the police of the whole country (and other police in the same prefecture)Police station) To "request the arrest of the suspect for whom the arrest warrant has been issued, and request the delivery of the person after the arrest" by a wanted list.In other words, although an arrest warrant has been issued, this is done when the whereabouts of the suspect are unknown due to escape, etc., and arrangements are made with the prefectural police.

Still more 2007(19)4/1Therefore, the National Police Agency has established a prize advertising system (Special investigation bounty system).So far, nine wanted suspects have been rewarded, five of whom have been arrested or found.

In addition,Yahoo! JAPAN Web page OfAdsabove,FreeI posted a photo of the wanted suspect's face.In such a place, a lot of information is provided,インターネットThe disclosure of wanted posters using is also widespread.

Special arrangement

System overview

Formally"Special wanted suspects designated by the National Police Agency".

"SecurityA violent or significant socially dangerous or violent impact oncrimeWanted suspect, especially nationally due to his early arrestRegionIt is carried out for those who are deemed to need to carry out a strong systematic investigation over the years.

殺人,terrorismThis applies not only to specific prefectures but also to suspects who have caused incidents that have a large impact on the world.JapanHas jurisdiction over prefectural police departments nationwideNational Police AgencyIs thatCriminalMake a special wanted poster for.The target prefectural police department has a department / person in charge to provide information about the person who was wanted, and the prefectural police department concernedPolice officerThe suspect's order book will also be given to everyone. Beginning in February 1972, initially five criminal-related people^[1], XNUMX people related to public security were targeted^[2].

In the past, 53 people in the table below have been specially arranged.PrescriptionForty-nine people were arrested, with the exception of three who were established and one who died during the wanted list.Currently, no one is making special arrangements.

As an example of past special arrangementsUnited Red Army,Snack mama serial murder case,Aum Shinrikyo Incident,Hiroshima Prison Chinese prison jailbreak caseThere is.

List of past wanted suspects

• Contents of the table below (especiallyageAnd the name of the suspect) are, in principle, the data at the time of the special wanted appointment.In some cases, an arrest warrant was issued in another case after the designation.
• Regarding the name of the suspect, describe the person whose individual article exists as the real name, otherwise describe it as "-"
• Regarding the date of occurrence, in the case of consecutive cases, etc., the first and last dates of the alleged arrangement were taken.Therefore, there are cases where the case name or the entire case does not match.
• Since it is difficult to accurately grasp the name of a crime, even a minor crimeNews reportI've kept the notation as far as I can tell from.
• Please note that the older the media, the more confused the special wanted and the important wanted.

Discussion over wanted posters and disclosure of real names in juvenile delinquency

MinorIf you wanted a suspect inJuvenile lawIn principle, the police do not disclose the suspect's name or face photo to the general public for the purpose of.However, if it is not disclosed in a violent caseRecidivismWhen there is a risk of ( 1968Occurred inNational Police Agency Wide Area Important Designation No. 108 Case OfNorio NagayamaFor example, the real name and photo are published. 2003TojuvenileEven so, there is an exceptional notification issued by the National Police Agency, but there are still no examples of application (this notification is not published on the National Police Agency website).Boy's刑事 事件There is controversy over the appropriateness of the treatment of juveniles who commit crimes, such as the provisions of Article 61 of the Juvenile Law, which prohibits the reporting of real names and facial photographs.Part ofInfomationFrom, seriousJuvenile crimeDareReal name coverageThere is also a movement to do.An example of wanted juvenile delinquencyYamaguchi College of Technology killing caseIs raised. 20068/28A female student at the same school strangled in the schoolcadaverA 19-year-old boy who attended the school was found in the caseImportant reference personAfter the death of a female studentdisappearanceThe day after the incident was discovered8/29Wanted.At this time, although the posting of the real name and face photo was hidden by the above regulations, there are many opinions that the real name and face photo should be published because the person was wanted because he may have committed murder.MediaSent to9/7ToWeekly ShinchoThe real name and face photo were posted because it would prevent the second damage.However, on the same day, this boy was on August 2th.suicideIt turned out that they were doing so, and there was a great deal of debate about whether or not the real name should be disclosed in response to the news about the wanted list of minors.

Major wanted cases

List only the cases that are currently wantedJapanese policeDoes not describe the case where the wanted criminal was withdrawn due to the detention or death of the wanted criminal or the establishment of the statute of limitations.

Since 2005Death penaltyThe statute of limitations for prosecution against was extended to 25 years.Also 20104/27In cases where the statute of limitations has not been established at that time, the statute of limitations for the crime of killing a person and the death penalty has been abolished.

in Japan11/1から11/30Until "Wanted Suspect Investigation Strengthening Month"^[4]It has been.

Wanted in the US

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) began online wanted in 2002 to obtain information from Internet users around the world.^[7]..This online wanted poster provides information on the fugitive suspect with the help of web portal giant Terra Lycos.^[7]..Terra Lycos will provide free space for "Lycos Network" (English) and "Tera.com" (Spanish), where arrangements will be posted.^[7]..The FBI is preparing a $ 100 million bounty for the information obtained here that will lead to the arrest.^[7].

Wanted by the International Criminal Police Organization

footnote

Related item

• Unsolved case
• escape
• Long-term investigation
• Shinpei Eto --The first enactor and applicable person in Japan.

外部 リンク

• Wanted | National Police Agency website
• Wanted Metropolitan Police Department
• Regarding the establishment of special arrangement guidelines for suspects designated by the National Police Agency (Hokkaido Police Agency)

Related keywords

• Special arrangement --ABC in current affairs