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Financial field
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Financial institution
| Sort | Applicable organization |
|---|---|
| Central Bank | Bank of Japan |
| Ordinary bank | City bank, Local bank, Trust bank, etc. |
| 中小企业Financial institution | Credit union, Credit union etc. |
| Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesFinancial institution | Agricultural cooperatives, Fisheries cooperatives, etc. |
| Securities financial institution | Securities companies, etc. |
| Insurance company | Life insurance companies, Non-life insurance company, etc. |
| Non-bank | Consumer finance, etc. |
| GovernmentFinancial institution | Japan Policy Finance Corporation, Development Bank of Japan, Japan Housing Finance Agency, etc. |
The essence of finance is資金Is gathered from the surplus destinations and used to accommodate the lacking destinations. Due to the nature of this project, which is extremely public, it is necessary to raise funds for this project as well as sales (Individual,CorporationandBusiness personIn most cases, regulations such as a license system, a license system, or a registration system are applied. A corporation that is authorized, permitted, registered, etc. by the government can be defined as a financial institution in a narrow sense.
A common example of this type of business isbank,Credit unionetcdepositIn the form ofLoanTo goInsurance company Insurance feeTo collect and lend in the form ofIndirect financingformat,Securities companyIs a business corporationstock,Corporate bondIssueDirect financeThere may be mentioned a form of mediation of.
These financial institutions function as important players in various positions in the financial markets.
Major financial institutions in Japan
The specific scope of “financial institution” is not always clear. For example, various laws and regulations have been defined in accordance with the purpose of the law, but in many cases, only the “deposit and deposit handling financial institution” is included among the following. However, here we list the organizations that can be widely called financial institutions according to the legal classification.
Central Bank
Bank of Japan - Bank of Japan ActBased in JapanCentral Bank.
Financial institutions handling deposits and savings
bank
bank - Ordinary bankTomo. Banking lawLicensed byBankingRunLtd..Japan Post Bank Co., Ltd.Or a policy financial institutionDevelopment Bank of Japan Inc.And so on.
Foreign bank branch
-Under Banking Law, it is considered a bank.
Long-term credit bank
Long-term credit bank -Not a bank under Banking Law, but considered a bank under other legislation. Currently does not exist.
Cooperative financial institution
Cooperative financial institution -Unlike banks that need to be commercial corporations,Non-profit corporation.
Norinchukin Bank
Norinchukin Bank -The credit departments of the agricultural cooperatives and fisheries cooperatives mentioned belowCentral organization.
Credit cooperative
Credit cooperative -Also known as "credit union". It mainly accepts deposits and provides loans for small businesses, micro enterprises and workers. Compared to Shinkin Bank, the organizational structure is smaller, and the organizational base is regional (corporates and residents of the same region), occupational area (employees of the same place of work), operational area (doctors, fruits and vegetables dealers, etc.) Depending on the company), there is a strong color of mutual support in businesses, such as business finance of a scale that is difficult to be financed by banks, and mutual finance within business areas and occupations. The system central organization isNational Credit Cooperative FederationIs equivalent to
Co-operative Federation
-Cooperative financial institutions include those that accept members' deposits or time deposits.
Credit union
Credit union - mainly中小企业Accepting deposits and financing for employees and local workers. Originally, this is a business format in which a medium to high credit co-operative has moved, and it is ranked higher than the credit co-operative in terms of the scale of the organization and sales.
Shinkin Central Bank
Shinkin Central Bank -The above-mentioned central bank system of Shinkin Bank
Labor union
Labor union -Mainly a memberUnion,Consumer cooperativeAlso, it accepts deposits from general workers and provides low-interest loans for the organizational management of members, business activities, consumption of general workers, and stable living. Workers can also receive loans as members even if they are individuals, but if they are members of a labor union or co-op, they will be used as a member of that member.
Labor Bank Federation
Agricultural cooperative
Agricultural cooperative(Agricultural Cooperatives, JA)-Those that accept savings or time deposits of union members are included in cooperative financial institutions.
Agricultural Cooperative Federation
Agricultural Cooperative Federation -Those that accept savings or term deposits of members (who directly or indirectly form the federation of agricultural cooperatives) are included in cooperative financial institutions.
Fisheries cooperative
Fisheries cooperative(Fisheries Cooperative, JF)-Those that accept savings or term deposits of members are included in cooperative financial institutions. Whereas agricultural cooperatives target farmers, hereFishermenTarget. Although the business form is almost the same as that of the agricultural cooperative, the credit business is smaller than the entire agricultural cooperative.
Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives
Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives -Those that accept savings or time deposits of their members are included in cooperative financial institutions.
Fisheries processing cooperative
-Those that accept savings or time deposits of union members are included in cooperative financial institutions.
Fisheries Processing Cooperative Association
-Those that accept savings or time deposits of their members are included in cooperative financial institutions.
Chuo Bank, Ltd.
Chuo Bank, Ltd. -Based on special lawSpecial companyPolicy financial institution. Formerly a cooperative financial institution, it became a joint stock company due to privatization.
Financial institutions that perform insurance business
Insurance company
Insurance company - Insurance lawLicensed based onInsurance industryRunLtd.orMutual company.. The insurance premiums collected arestock,BondOperate by securities investment and lending.
Life insurance company
Life insurance company -A person who has a life insurance license from an insurance company.
Non-life insurance company
Non-life insurance company -An insurance company that has a non-life insurance business license.
Small amount short-term insurance company
Small amount short-term insurance company -A business that only underwrites small amounts and short-term insurance within a certain business scale.
Mutual aid system
mutual aid -Small-scale compensation system similar to non-life insurance and life insurance.
Foreign insurance company
Foreign life insurance companies, etc.
Foreign non-life insurance companies, etc.
Underwriter of a specified corporation
Specified insurer
A financial institution engaged in the financial product trading business
Financial instruments business operator
Foreign brokerage
Securities finance company
Mortgage securities company
Mortgage brokers-securitized real estate collateralMortgage SecuritiesA company that sells to general investors.
Inexhaustible company
Inexhaustible company --Mutual aid in which each person makes a small investment and the person who needs it is flexible by lottery or successful bid.InexhaustibleBusiness to do.There are inexhaustible goods and inexhaustible money, but the only existing inexhaustible company (Inexhaustible Japanese housing,Mitsubishi UFJ BankMoney is inexhaustible. MostlyMutual bank(CurrentSecond regional bank).
Pawnshop
Pawnshop - Pawnshop business lawA person who runs a pawnshop business with a license based on.
Short-term business
Short-term business -"A person who mainly lends call funds or mediates the lending and lending, designated by the Commissioner of the Financial Services Agency". A company that acts as an intermediary for short-term (about one month from the next day) lending or borrowing (call funds) between financial institutions such as banks and credit unions.
Money lender
Money Lending Business LawRegulated by
consumer loan
consumer loan -Also known as "Sarakin", it lends to consumers at high interest rates.
Credit company
Credit company -Intermediary for installments and postpay for individuals (credit card, Individual product installment purchase arrangement).Loan(Cashing) and leasing for business operators.
Housing finance company
Housing finance company -For individualsHousing loanTo handle.
Commercial and industrial loans
Commercial and industrial loans -Lending at high interest rates mainly to micro businesses.
leasing company
leasing company -High-priced machinery and equipment (mainly for businesses and corporations)computerSuch asInformation equipment,FurnitureSuch asfurnitureFromShip,airplaneIt will be easier to introduce by using the method of purchasing () and renting it for a certain period. Depending on the companyLoanI also work.
Other policy financial institutions
Popular name,Government financial institutionsAlso called. The original purpose is to lend long-term funds to areas where it is difficult for banks and other private financial institutions to lend. In addition to the aforementioned Development Bank of Japan Inc. and the Shoko Chukin Bank, Ltd.
- Japan Bank for International Cooperation
- Japan Finance Corporation
- Okinawa Development Finance Corporation
- Independent Administrative Agency Amami Islands Promotion Fund
- Independent Administrative Institution Housing Finance Support Organization
- Incorporated Administrative Agency Welfare Medical Organization
Commercial regulations for banks, credit unions, and credit unions
in Japan, 1990Until the first half of the year, banks, credit unions, and credit unions are standalonePoster,News (Chinese)Other than so-called still media such ascommercialInability to act (CM of the governing body was also broadcast media.Banking lawDue to the revision, there will be a notice of Saturday closure notice, etc.) At the time of regulation operation,credit cardWas used to make indirect commercials in the form of "○○ (= bank name) card, application to bank". In addition,Mutual bankIs a mutual bank that has loose commercial regulations and issues credits before conversion to ordinary banks.[Annotation 1]Although there were some cases, the same regulations as for temporary banks, credit unions, credit unions, etc.
From the second half of 1990radioLimited to the commercial part of the broadcast media limited to. In the case of radio, there were no restrictions, so some programs such as banksCrown sponsorThere were some cases where the program was provided as.
1991From Octobertv setThe commercials at were also lifted. When the program started,Credit providedDo not put (ParticipationHandling), because there were restrictions such as the broadcasting time can only be broadcast on a fixed time frame, there were many activities mainly in spot commercials.
Since then, regulations have been relaxed, and now it is possible to issue credits like other companies.
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