Iwate(Iwateken,(British: Iwate Prefecture) IsJapan OfTohoku regionに 位置 す るPrefecture.Prefectural office location TheMorioka.

Overview

Tohoku regionLocated in the north (northeast north) ofAomori, WestAkita, SouthMiyagiBorders with. Area is 15,275.01km²で^[1],JapanesePrefecturesas,HokkaidoSecond largest after. Of the prefecture's population of approximately 2 million, over 120 million (over 100%) are inlandKitakami BasinConcentrates on. Except for the basin and the coast, there are many mountains and hilly areas, and it is a lush prefecture.

During the Edo period, the area that was the predecessor of Iwate Prefecture todayNanbu DomainNorth ofDate clanIt was composed of the southern part of the prefecture (for this reason, in the prefecture, "southern" as a name may refer to the northern part of the prefecture, contrary to its geographical meaning).Also, in Iwate prefectureRikuzenThe area corresponding toSanriku regionOnly. Southern (prefecture north) areaIn the landHit

Name

The name "Iwate" belongs to Morioka City, where the prefectural office is located.countyName"IwateIs derived from Regarding its origin, "Oiwa (the god of Mitsuishi, present:Mitsuishi Shrine) Punished it and left the demon's affirmation on the rock with a handprint that would never devastate the land again."

In addition, the name "Iwate" appears in the literature.Michinokuから都The Emperor liked the hawk donated to theBig wordI put it in, but I missed it.''Yamato storyIt is said that the hawk's name "Iwate" is one of the first. The emperor wrote that the sadness of losing Iwate was multiplied by "Iwate = Kotowade" to mean "Ihade is fooled by what I don't say." Say. This expression isOld and modern WakashuFrom insideBook song.

1872/Officially from the inauguration ofIwateHowever, in the Meiji and Taisho eras, "Iwate prefectureWas also used, and the title of "Iwate Prefectural Bulletin" was used in the prefectural bulletin.^{[Note 1]}.. What was unified into "Iwate Prefecture"1923/9/22So, in "Iwate Prefectural Bulletin No. 847", "Iwate Prefecture" was officially announced as "Iwate Prefecture".^[2].

Geography/Region

nature Park

• National park
  • Sanriku Reconstruction National Park
  • Towada Hachimantai National Park
• National park
  • Hayachine National Monument
  • Kurikoma Quasi-National Park
• Prefectural nature park
  • Hanamaki Onsen VillagePrefectural nature park
  • Kujihiraiwa Prefectural Nature Park
  • Sotoyama Hayasaka Kogen Prefectural Nature Park
  • Yuda Onsen GorgePrefectural nature park
  • Folding nailMasenkyoPrefectural nature park
  • Mt. GoyozanPrefectural nature park
  • Murone Kogen Prefectural Nature Park

terrain

• Mountain
  • Ou Mountains - Akita Komagatake,Mt. Iwatesan,Mt. Yakeishidake,Mt. Kurikomayama,Hachimantai
  • Kitakami Mountains - Mt. Hayachinesan,Mount Murone,Mt. Goyozan
• plateau
  • Taneyamagahara
• Mountains/Mountains
  • Kitakami Mountains,Waga massif
• River
  • Kitakami RiverWater system- Nakatsugawa,Shizukuishi River,Sarugaishi River,Isawa River,Kinugawa
• Lake
  • Lake Tase
  • Kinki Lake
  • Lake Iwato
  • Southern Katafuji Lake

climate

The climate is inland at the foot of the Nasu volcanic beltSea of ​​Japan side climate, Other areasPacific climate. In addition, the inlandInland climateThe summer is hot and the winter is cold, so the Pacific coastOceanic climateAnd summer is cool. (→Tohoku region #Climate).Sanriku CoastCoastal areasKöppen climate classificationThen.West coast marine climate Sometimes classified as (Cfb). The northern inland regions and western mountainsSubarctic humid climate Belonging to (Dfa, Dfb), the cold is very severe, especially Yabugawa is famous as the coldest area in Honshu, where it can get cold to -30°C in winter.

The whole prefectureHeavy snowfallHowever, there are large regional differences in winter snow cover.Nishiwaga TownとHachimantai CityHas a large amount of snow and is designated as a special heavy snowfall area. In the Ou Mountains,SnowfallDue to the large amount of snow and good snow quality,Ski resortでSki,ノ ノ ー ボ ーInternational and domestic competitions are often held. On the other hand, snowfall is generally small in Miyako City and Ofunato City, which are located on the Pacific Ocean side.

Pacific sidebasinThe Kitakami Basin isWest High East Low Of(I.e.When arranged, the Ou Mountains often act as a "wall" and become sunny. for that reason,Radiation coolingBy early morning(I.e.Is considerably lower. On the other hand, it is difficult to lower the temperature when it is snowing or when it is cloudy. Located in the Kitakami BasinMoriokaIs the northernmost point of the eastern basin of the Spine Mountains, which is affected by such radiative cooling.Prefectural office location(Because of the Sea of ​​Japan side, it is often cloudy in winter and radiative cooling is difficult)Aomori,SapporoLocated more north, etc.Prefectural office locationThe lowest temperature is often lower thanTohoku regionThen of course JapanPrefectural office locationThere are many days when it is the coldest city. In factKitakami BasinEach city (Morioka,Hanamaki,Kitakami City,Oshu CityIt is not uncommon for) to drop to around -15°C during the harsh winter, and except for Hokkaido, it is the region with the most chills in the flat areas of the city where the altitude is not high. However, in the morning and evening in the winter, the temperature difference between the city and the suburbs is very large, and heat islands are prominent mainly in Morioka, Kitakami, and Ichinoseki.

On the other hand, during the summer in the Kitakami Basin,Fern phenomenonHas a tendency towards the south and an oceanic climate due toSendai cityOften the temperature is higher than that, but the coastal areas often have a climate similar to Sendai.

Wide skirt

According to the Geographical Survey Institute's nationwide prefectural area coverage, Iwate Prefecture has an area of ​​15,275.01 square kilometers.^[3].

The ends of north, south, east, and west of Iwate prefecture are as follows:^[4][5].. Eastern endKourigasaki(The easternmost tip of Honshu), the western endKuromori Pass2km northeast of JR EastTohoku Main LineYushima StationSoutheast about 6.7km, The northern endJR EastHachinohe LineKakunohama StationIt is about 1km north of. In addition, include the center of gravity^[6].. Ministry of Internal Affairs and CommunicationsStatistics BureauAccording to the 27 national census,Shiwa-gunShiwa TownLocated in Sabi Uchi Togasaki^[7].

Region

It is the second largest nationwide in terms of total area, but the ratio of habitable area is 2%, which is low, and it is 24.3th nationwide.List of prefecture areas #2014See). There are two major habitable areas: inland (population about 100 million) and coast (about 30). Of these, in the inland areaTohoku Shinkansen-Tohoku Transit ExpresswayHigh-speed transportation infrastructure such as is in place, but infrastructure is not developed in other areas, so movement between areas is notNational road,Conventional lineStay at the level. In particular, in order to travel between inland and coastal areas,General national road-Prefectural roadIs a road going up and down a steep mountain pass, which results in a long travel time for a straight distance. In such a situation, many prefecture soils(I.e.Is composed byOkinawaIs similar toEmergency medical careInhelicopterIt is transported.

TransportationInfrastructureDue to the lack of maintenance, there are many prefectural people who cannot reach the prefectural office in a short time.Iwate Prefectural OfficeHas established "Regional Promotion Bureaus" in various places throughout the prefecture and has functioned as a general outsourcing agency for the prefecture. In recent years,Great Heisei mergerAs a result of the significant decrease in the number of municipalities,2006/(18) Reorganization of the Regional Development Bureau in April. Inland areas where high-speed transportation infrastructure is in place, the central functions of the prefecture are gathered together without being divided into small regional areas.MoriokaIt was integrated into the north and south divisions of the wide area and the prefecture south area. In the south area of ​​the prefecture, there were many wide-area living areas that were set up in the past, but they have been integrated into one and are now under the jurisdiction of the newly-established "prefectural south area promotion bureau." As a result, the number of wide-area living areas, which used to be 2, was reduced to 12.

• The population is2005/(17)CensusIs the value of^[8].

Prefecture area classification

The Wide Area Promotion Bureau is divided into the following four categories.

• Morioka Wide Area Promotion BureauJurisdiction 482,482
• Prefectural South Wide Area Promotion BureauJurisdiction 514,132
• Coastal Regional Development Bureau Jurisdiction 218,744
• Prefectural north wide area promotion station jurisdiction 133,932 people

The sphere is divided into the following 9 areas.

• Morioka area (Iwate area, Morioka area, Shiwa area)
• Central Iwate area (Waga area, Hanamaki area, Tono area)
• Biling River area
• Ryoban area
• Miyako area
• Kamaishi area
• Kesen area
• Ninohe area
• Kuji area

Municipalities

List the municipalities in the prefecture for each wide area promotion bureau.There are 14 cities, 10 counties, 15 towns and 4 villages in the prefecture. There are six ways to read "town": Kuzumaki-cho, Iwate-cho, Nishiwaga-cho, Yamada-cho, Karumai-cho, and Ichinohe-cho, and all others are "cho".All villages are read as "mura".

Morioka Wide Area Promotion Bureau 482,482

• Morioka -(Prefectural office location-Core city-Morioka Wide Area Promotion Bureaulocation)
• Hachimantai City
• Takizawa
• Iwate
  • Shizukuishi Town - Kuzumaki - Iwate
• Shiwa-gun
  • Shiwa Town - Yahaba Town

Prefectural South Wide Area Promotion Bureau 514,132

• Oshu City -(Prefectural South Wide Area Promotion Bureaulocation)
• Ichinoseki
• Hanamaki
• Kitakami City
• Tono City
• Isawa District
  • Kanegasaki Town
• Nishiiwai District
  • Hiraizumi Town
• Waga-gun
  • Nishiwaga Town

Coastal Area Promotion Bureau 218,744

• Kamaishi -(Location of Coastal Regional Development Bureau)
• Miyako City
• Ofunato City
• Rikuzentakata City
• Kesen District
  • Sumita Town
• Kamiikai-gun
  • Otsuchi Town
• Shimohei District
  • Yamada Town - Iwaizumi Town - Tanohata

Prefectural north wide area promotion station jurisdiction 133,932

• Kuji City -(Prefecture north wide area promotion station location)
• Ninohe City
• Shimohei District
  • Fudai Village
• Ninohe-gun
  • Ichinohe
• Kunohe-gun
  • Noda - Hirono Town - Karumai Town - Kuchinohe

Metropolitan area

Urban employment area(10 % Changes in commuting area

• Tohoku ShinkansenThe station was set upMetropolitan area TheTaizi

• Morioka StationでTohoku ShinkansenとAkita ShinkansenAnd connect
• Kitakami JCTでTohoku ExpresswayとAkita ExpresswayAnd connect
• In Kitakami metropolitan area (Hanamaki metropolitan area)Hanamaki AirportThere is
• Changes in traffic
  • 1982/(57)-Tohoku Shinkansen Omiya-Opening between Morioka Station
  • 1985/(Showa 60)-Tohoku Shinkansen Omiya-Opening between Ueno Station
  • 1991/(3)-Tohoku Shinkansen Ueno-Tokyo station opening
  • 1997/(9)-Opened Akita Shinkansen, directly connected to Akita Port by Akita Expressway
  • 2002/(14)-Tohoku Shinkansen Morioka-Opening between Hachinohe Station
  • 2010/(22)-Tohoku Shinkansen Hachinohe-Shin-Aomori Station opened

Income gap on the “North and South Coast”

In the southern part of the prefecture such as Kitakami cityEconomic developmentByincomeThe standard has improved significantly.On the other hand, in the northern and coastal areas of the inland, there is no noticeable economic development and development tends to be delayed.Income inequalityExists. Compared with statistical data, the average income of the prefecture as a whole is 242 million yen, while the central city of the prefecture northNinohe City-Kuji CitySo, it remains in the 190 million yen range, and there is a gap of over 50 yen.^[9].Iwate Prefectural OfficeEstablished a prefectural north and coastal promotion headquarters in 2006, but began to take countermeasures, but the disparity between the north and the south is even increasing, and fundamental measures are required.^[10].

Adjacent municipality

• Aomori Prefecture:Hachinohe City,SannoheTago Town,Sannohe,Hashikami
• Akita:Kazuno,Semboku City,Daisen City,Yokote City,Senboku-gunMisato Town,Ogatsu-gunHigashi Naruse Village
• Miyagi Prefecture:Kurihara,Tome City,Kesennuma City

History

Prehistory/Ancient

About 4-3 years ago, the oblique axisPointed deviceExcavated from Yanagisawakan Ruins (Oshu City) AndKantori Ruins(Tono City) And so on. Also, Hanais Mimoriushi^{[Note 2]} A large amount of animal and plant fossils such asKanamori Ruins(IchinosekiIt is thought that people lived from the Paleolithic period from the ruins such as^[11][12].

Old timesJomon PeriodIt was a land that realized a richer hunting and fishing life. recent yearsTohoku StudiesWell thenKitakami RiverBasinEzoIn the center ofHidaka countryIt has been advocated that it was also called (in addition, the name of Hidakami country became the name of the place called Kitakami River or the country of "Japan"). On the other hand,Isawa OfKakuzuka TumulusIs the northernmost front and rear tumulus,Yamato kingshipIt was also at the northern end of the influence of.

The northern Tohoku region was not yet included in its control in the latter half of the 7th century, when the Ritsuryo nation was being formed, and Ezo was a subject of subjugation from the court side.8st centuryEzo Emi's military leader in the last 38 years of warAteluiAppears and resists the Imperial Court,Conqueror GeneralWas entrusted toSakaue Tamura MaroDestroyed by After that, the Imperial Court seized the Kitakami River basin, and many Ezo were forced to relocate to the whole country. The remaining Ezo isPrisonerWas incorporated into the control system as well as from the Kanto region to IsawaFence doorAs the settlers entered.

11st centuryuntilOkuroku DistrictBased on (currently inland Iwate prefecture), he was able to exert influence over a vast area from Nukabe (currently eastern Aomori prefecture) to Watari/Igu (currently southern Miyagi prefecture).Mr. AbeBuilt a semi-independent force. Mr. AbeRole of the last nine yearsAkita Senboku prisoner who flew to the Yamato Imperial Court army led by MinamotoKiyoharaDestroyed by Mr. Kiyohara is also from the family conflictThe role of the next three yearsPerishes and draws blood of Mr. AbeOshu Fujiwara Esashi-gunToyotakanからIwai DistrictHiraizumiTo control Oshu and realize Buddhist-based regional rule based on rich production.HiraizumiBuilt the era.

中 世

HiraizumiYoritomo GengenWas captured by and re-controlled by GenjiKamakura PeriodToKai countryDominated the Kawachi region in the southMr. Kai OfMr. NanbuMoved to around Hachinohe,AomoriFrom Iwate prefecture north andAkitaIt expanded its power to the Kazuno district. On the coastMr. Shui, In the central part of the prefectureMr. Sanami,Mr. Hikanuki,Mr. Asonuma,Mr. WagaAnd the southern part of the prefectureKasai,Mr. AbsenceWas influential, but graduallyFukushimaDate CountyPut the root castle inDateThe power ofMuromachi PeriodToKasai,Mr. AbsenceWas effectively put under control as a date horseman.

These men become independent again due to the internal conflict of Mr. Date,Date MasamuneKasai was destroyed on the occasion of the transfer to Sendai, and Mr. Torumori was incorporated as a family of Date. Around the same time, Mr. Nanbu who had his mother, Mr. Tsutsui, the descendant of Mr. Abe,Nobu NanamiAs the power expanded and began to act as the head of the Southern Division, Mr.Kuminohe MasamiFight withHideyoshi ToyotomiNobunao invited the Hideyoshi army and destroyed the political truth (Kunino Masami).OuraNobunao, who unified the other Nanbu family, moved his base to Morioka and established power.

The early modern period

Edo PeriodIn the southern part of the prefectureSendai DomainDate62 stones,Ichinoseki Domain TheTamura,MizusawaToMr. Absence(Mr. Date Mizusawa) is placed, and there is no transfer in the north.Morioka DomainMr. NanbuIt was ruled by 20 stones.BakumatsuTohoku DomainsOuetsu Reihan AllianceWhen the (Northern Government) was created, the Date Clan and the Southern Clan, which had dominated the current Iwate Prefecture, became the center, but eventually they were defeated and occupied by the Meiji Government.

Since modern times

Meiji3/7/10(1870/August 8), due to financial difficulties in the Morioka domainAbandoned DomainTo the abandoned domain prior toMeiji governmentByMoriokaWas installed. The jurisdiction when Morioka was establishedLand ChinaIwate,Hikanuki-gunandShiwa-gun,Waga-gunOnly a part of it was significantly reduced from the Morioka clan before it lost to the new government.

After that, a huge amount of money was imposed, and a prefectural region that divides the old clan was set and weakened, and the humiliation of the defeat was experienced. (However, the payment of 70 cars that was imposed when the Morioka clan ceased to be in the abandoned clan was exempted.) After that, many human resources were produced regardless of the former clan.Takashi Hara Prime MinisterHe was appointed to the United States, and was successful in building a modern Japanese state. In addition, at the same time as producing human resources in the center, Kei Hara and Yamada Line,Shinpei GotoとSuzuki ShotenIt was accompanied by political crime that preceded the era of money politics.

The prefecture area is in the 4th year of Meiji (1871/) Is almost unchanged in the first prefecture integration, January 1, 5 (1872/From Morioka Prefecture on February 2)IwateRenamed to^[13],1876/In the second prefecture integration (Meiji 9)Iwai prefectureからIsawa District-Esashi-gun-Iwai District,AomoriからNinohe-gunBut the former is mostly oldSendai DomainThe condition that the former clan was divided was not corrected.

1876/(Meiji 9) The first prefectural assembly was held in January, and Iwate Prefecture was established in May. The county name was taken from the county name of the prefectural office.

1889/In (Meiji 22),Minamiiwate-gunMorioka enforced the municipal system for the first time in Iwate Prefecture,MoriokaBecomes1937/(Showa12 years) developed by the steel industryKamiikai-gunKamaishi Town has taken the city systemKamaishiBecomes1941/(Showa 16)Shimohei DistrictMiyako-cho, Yamaguchi-mura, Sentoku-mura, and Isotori-mura merged and the municipal system came into effectMiyako CityBy then, three cities were born before the war.

ShowaAfter the warPeriodthe 1950sからthe 1960sHas bad transportation due to the mountainous areas, and the main industries areFuji Steel(CurrentlyNippon Steel)ofKamaishi Steel WorksBecause the income level is low throughout the country,TibetAnd called for government promotion measures. In addition, this name is1955/(Showa 30) Opened January 1,News movieIt is said to have been established since it was used in "Camera Report Polite Japanese Tibetan Iwate Sanriku".

after that,1964/(Showa 39)Hanamaki AirportOpen the port,1982/(Showa 57)Tohoku Shinkansen OfOmiya - MoriokaWith the opening of the space, it was within 3 hours from the metropolitan area and 1 hour from Sendai (at that time), improving transportation. Along with this, on the background of cheap and vast land and abundant water,Kitakami City,Kanegasaki TownThe expansion of factories, especially in the surrounding area, is progressing rapidly.Kanto Auto Works(CurrentToyota Motor East Japan) Such as the automotive industry,Toshiba,FujitsuSuch assemiconductorfactory,Shionogi PharmaceuticalThe factory shipments of large companies have advanced, and the shipment value of manufactured goods has grown significantly^[14].

2008/(Heisei20 years) on June 6thIwate-Miyagi Inland Earthquake(Maximum seismic intensity 6+) on July 7Iwate Prefecture Northern Coast EarthquakeA large earthquake with a maximum seismic intensity of less than 6 occurred. Three years later2011/(23) March 3, the largest domestic observation historyHuge earthquakeBecomemagnitude9.0'sTohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake(Maximum seismic intensity 7) occurred, causing major damage from the tsunami in various coastal areas.

population

Population distribution by age in Iwate prefecture and Japan (2005)	Iwate Prefecture Age and Gender Population Distribution (2005)
■Purple-Iwate Prefecture ■Green-All over Japan	■Blue-male ■Red-female
Iwate Prefecture Population Trend
Ministry of Internal Affairs and CommunicationsStatistics Bureau CensusThan

• Heisei 27CensusThe population increase/decrease rate from the previous survey was 3.80%, less than 0.75% nationwide by more than 3%. 47st among 41 prefecturesOkinawaIncrease by 2.93%, the bottom isAkitaOf 5.79%). Higher ranks in municipalities within the prefectureTakizawa2.98% increase inYahaba Town1.74% increase inKitakami City0.40% increase inMoriokaOf 0.24% decrease. LowerOtsuchi Town23.02% reduction inRikuzentakata City15.20% reduction inYamada TownThis is a 14.99% decrease, and the accumulation in the inland area and the decrease in the coastal area are remarkable.^[15].. With this trend, the population center of gravity of the prefecture wasHanamakiUchikawame^[16] To west-northwest from 686 meters,Shiwa-gunShiwa TownLocated in Sabi Uchi Togasaki^[7].
• 2016/The estimated population as of October 10 was 1 thousand, less than 1,268% of Japan's total population of 126,933 thousand. It was also ranked 1nd in 47 prefectures^[17].

Politics

Prefectural government

• Governor:Takuya Tatsumasu(That's right, 4th term)

Finance and business

1995/After (7),Hosokawa CabinetRiding on the large-scale economic measures (at that time)public investmentAnd then expand1997/Until 9, aggressive investment was expanded. I was the governor of the prefecture at that time.Hiroya Masuda"I knew that due to the financial limitations of the country, my budget would eventually run out..."Tohoku Shinkansen,Hanamaki Airport,Kamaishi ExpresswayEtc. (skeletal business) I decided to do it first."^[18].. As a resultKoizumi CabinetWas established2001/Since (13), the public investment budget has been rapidly reduced at a rate of 10% or more per year, which has led to a major shift to fiscal consolidation.

The prefecture itself also self-analyzes the causes of financial deterioration by answering the questions in the prefectural assembly (→Hiroya Masuda #Financial reconstructionEtc.).

20

• Initial budget scale of about 6500 billion yen (general account)
• Laspeyres index 98.6

19

• Financial capability index 0.31
  • Group III (financial power index 0.3 or more, less than 0.4) 11th out of 8 municipalities

18

• Fiscal strength index 0.29
  • IV Group (Financial Power Index less than 0.3) 10th out of 1 municipalities

17

• Fiscal strength index 0.27
  • IV Group (Financial Power Index less than 0.3) 14th out of 5 municipalities

16

• Fiscal strength index 0.26
  • IV Group (Financial Power Index less than 0.3) 15th out of 5 municipalities

National politics

House of Representatives OfSmall districtIs 3.House of CouncilorsThen, 1 ward is constructed in all prefectures.

Economic and industrial

Long time agoindustryThere was almost noTohoku Shinkansen,Tohoku Transit ExpresswayWith the maintenance ofCompanyIs being attracted. To attract companies,Corporate prefectural tax revenueAndCorporate business taxFrom an employeeResident taxSince large tax sources can be expected due to revenues and the economic ripple effect of related companies, local governments across the country are competing to attract them. Iwate Prefecture is not overwhelmed by this example, and is enthusiastic about attracting them.ToyotaProduction plant,Toshiba OfFlash memoryfactory,FujitsuAnd so on. From such a success,1995/Since 7, the shipment value of manufactured goods has shown an increase of 47PrefecturesMiddle and prefectural income improved from the high 40s to the 38th. Looking at the six prefectures of Tohoku,Fukushima,Miyagi,YamagataIs the number following^[19].

In particularautomotive industryabout,ToyotaHas positioned the Tohoku region as a new production base.^[20], It is an industrial field that is expected to attract more in the future.

Furthermore, in recent yearsInternational Linear ColliderHas announced the concept of an international academic research city centered on^[21].

Saving rateIs known to be extremely high. Unusual as a local prefecture, there are three banks within the prefecture.Local bank(Second regional bank, And the financial assets it owns reach over 4 trillion yen. Citizen of the prefectureSaving rateIs 39%,Tohoku regionIt is well above the national average of 25% and 16.5% of the national average, keeping the high rate of 2nd in Tohoku after Miyagi Prefecture and 9th in Japan.^[22].

industry

Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

2006/(18) According to agriculture, forestry and fisheries statistics,Agriculture:The amount of output is 2,544 billion yen.Food self-sufficiencyIs 106%^[24],Hokkaido,Aomori,Akita,YamagataIt is one of the few prefectures with a self-sufficiency rate of over 100%. Due to the vast area and the terrain surrounded by mountains, the climate varies greatly depending on the region, and various forms of agriculture are conducted depending on the characteristics.穀物Then.riceOthersHanamakiAroundMilletIs famous for its production.LivestockIs also popular and is a brand beefMaesawa beefBesides, mainly in the northbroilerIt is known as one of the leading production areas in Japan.

forestryThen, the trunk is straight and high quality, mainly in the northern part of the prefecture.Red pine,AlsoMizunaraCentered onBeech familyBy hardwoodcharcoalIs famous for its production.Especially with charcoalBlack charcoalThe production volume of is the highest in the whole country.Because there are many red pine,SymbiosisToMatsutake mushroomThere are also many shipments.On the other hand, it is a fatal infectious disease of Japanese red pine.Pine wood nematode diseaseSince it is the northern limit area of ​​(pine worm) and the damage is gradually expanding, there are concerns about its impact.again,Japanese oak wiltA fatal infectious disease of Quercus crispula has been confirmed in the prefecture.PrefectureWoody biomassProduction is 188 billion yen (XNUMX billion yen), partly because we are enthusiastic about utilizing natural energy for business.2005/(17)) and the 5th number in the whole country.

Fishing industryThen,Sanriku CoastAroundKuroshioKnown as a rich fishing ground by.Rias coastThe reef ofWakame,SeaweedIt is also suitable for aquaculture such asAbaloneIt has the largest production volume in Japan.Oysters,SquirtsAquaculture is also popular.In rare thingsRikuzentakata CityHirota BayInClinocardium californicusAquaculture is known.The distribution volume is small and it is traded at a high price.

Commerce and industry

The value of manufactured goods shipped is 2 trillion yen, and in the Tohoku regionFukushima(Nationwide ranking 19th),Miyagi(The same 24th place),Yamagata(28th) and 4th (31st).

Long majorindustry Nippon Steel(CurrentlyNippon Steel）Kamaishi Steel Works(Kamaishi),Taiheiyo Cement(Ofunato City), and sometimes asked for a government bailout,1982/(Showa 57)Tohoku ShinkansenWhen Omiya and Morioka opened, business attraction gradually progressed.^[14].1993/(5)Kanto Auto Works(Kanegasaki Town）(CurrentToyota Motor East JapanIwate factory)Has been in business sinceManufacturing industryHas made great strides, and prefectural income has improved from the late 40s throughout the country to the 30s. In addition, in the south of the prefectureFujitsu,Shionogi Pharmaceutical,ToshibaFactory is located.

In particular,2008/(20) Determined in FebruaryToshiba-Flash memoryFactoryKitakami CityIt is said that the construction of the building will have an economic effect of about 1 trillion yen, including the ripple effect.Corporate business taxIt is said that this will be boosted through reductions and exemptions and low interest loans. Toshiba said it was "not only the financing measures from the government but also the fact that it was easy to secure high-quality personnel"^[25][26].. In constructing the factory, Kitakami City has attracted companies that have accumulated so far,Corporate municipal tax,Property taxIs expected to increase significantly,Local allocation taxWill be promoted to a "non-delivering organization" that will not be issued. In Iwate Prefecture, there was a precedent that Kamaishi City was a non-delivering organization in the days when the steel industry was extremely prosperous.2008/(20) February ・Iwate Governor's regular press conference)

For the automobile industry,ToyotaHave indicated their intention to make the Tohoku region a new production base.^[20], AlreadyKanegasaki TownIt is also decided that the automobile factory located at will be expanded to a production scale of 10, an increase of 25 from the current level. To promote the accumulation of automobile-related industries, Iwate PrefectureToyota Motor East JapanHas advancedMiyagi,Yamagata,FukushimaIt plans to continue to engage in attracting activities in collaboration with the above.

Main manufacturing industries that have attracted bases in the prefecture

Service industry

I am enthusiastic about promoting the tourism industry.2007/(19),MoriokaSet inNHK serial TV novel"More and more sunnyWas broadcast,Morioka sansa danceThe number of tourists visiting the country increased by 8.7% to 128.^[27], A certain effect is improving.2011/(23),Oshu FujiwaraThe glorious heritage ofHiraizumi-Architecture/Garden and Archaeological Sites Representing the Pure Land of France-"(Hiraizumi Town)Butworld Heritage(cultural heritage) Was registered in.

Transportation

Morioka City, where the prefectural capital is located, is not only in the prefectureNorth tohokuIt serves as a hub for the wide-area transportation network of the Tohoku Shinkansen.HayabusaAnd the Akita ShinkansenKomachi"ofSplit/MergeIs also implemented.

Train

Tohoku Shinkansenso,Capital Area,Sendai,AomoriTied with. It is also the stop stationMorioka StationIs located in the prefectural capital, and has the potential of being a hub for connecting multiple routes.

Old JNR'sJR EastBesides, with the opening of new ShinkansenParallel conventional lineSeparated asThird sector railway OfIGR Iwate Galaxy RailwayIn addition, the existing and planned lines of the former JNR were taken over.Sanriku RailwayThere is.

Especially on the JR Yamada and Iwaizumi linesSince the JNR era, it has been known as a quiet line where the number of users is extremely small^{[Source required]}, Even after privatization, there are only 3-4 trains in some sections. Regarding the latter, a notification of abolition was submitted by the operator, and it was abolished on April 2014, 4 and converted to a bus^[28][29].

Regarding cargo handling,Morioka Freight Terminal Station(MoriokaTonan districtas well as the Shiwa-gunYahaba Town)andMizusawa Station(Oshu CityMizusawa district)ButFreight stationIt has become.

See below for other routes in the prefecture. In addition, the regular train is a section near Morioka city^{[Note 3]}Except for, the number is 1 or less per hour.In addition, all commercial trains in the prefecture will be operated by the end of the day except for temporary trains (= operation beyond the date is not performed).

• route
  • East Japan Railway(JR East)
    • Tohoku Shinkansen
    • Tohoku Main Line
    • Tazawako Line(Akita Shinkansen）
    • Kitakami Line
    • Hachinohe Line
    • Wreath line
    • Kamaishi Line
    • Yamada Line
    • Ofunato Line
  • IGR Iwate Galaxy Railway
    • Iwate Galaxy Railway Line
  • Sanriku Railway
    • Rias line

Transit Bus

Since there are extremely few train schedules connecting coastal areas and inland areas (particularly to the north), long-distance buses are the main means of public transportation crossing the prefecture.

• Iwate Prefecture Transportation
• Iwate Kita Motor
• JR Bus Tohoku
• Akikita bus
• Iwate Express Bus
• Hayachine Bus
• Toban Kotsu
• Towa Town General Service Corporation
• (Kurihara City Bus, Route (Ichinoseki~MiyagiKurihara))

Car traffic

For the traffic on the vertical axis of the inland area,Tohoku Transit Expressway,National Route 4Such,AutomobileHigh-speed transportation infrastructure using On the other hand, the traffic on the "horizontal axis" that connects the inland area and the coast is still steep and steep.General national roadlevel(National Route 106Etc.). In addition, the pavement ratio of roads is low and it is the lowest in the country. In Morioka City, congestion is particularly severe in the morning and evening due to the complicated roads and insufficient maintenance of the outer ring bypass road.

AkitaAkita CityIsSenwa road(National Route 46bypass),tunnel,BridgeThe maintenance is relatively smooth. AlsoRegional high standard roadIsMorioka Akita RoadUnder maintenanceHashiba bypass,Kakunodate BypassIs in service.

highway

• E4 Tohoku Expressway
• E4A Hachinohe Expressway
• E46 Akita Expressway
• E46 Kamaishi Expressway
• E45 Sanriku Coastal Road
  • Sanriku Transit Expressway
  • Sanriku North Transit Road
  • Hachinohe / Kuji Expressway

General national road

Prefectural road

• List of prefectural roads in Iwate PrefectureSee

Car license plate

Transport branchFor the vast prefecture soilShiwa-gunYahaba TownThere is only one head office, and there are no subordinates.

Of cars registered in the prefectureLicense plateThe place name notation of is "IwateHowever, since November 2014, 11 in the Morioka area (Morioka City, Hachimantai City, Takizawa City, Shiwa Town, Yahaba Town)MoriokaNo. in the Irie and Ryoban areas (Oshu City, Ichinoseki City, Kanegasaki Town, Hiraizumi Town)HiraizumiThe use of the number has started. ■Local numberSee also

空港

• Hanamaki Airport(Iwate Hanamaki Airport)

Port

Important portAnd the main related facilities are listed below.

• Kuji Port
• Miyako Port
  • Miyako Coast Guard Station
• Kamaishi Port
  • Kamaishi Coast Guard (Second District Coast Guard Headquartersjurisdiction)
• Ofunato Port

Medical and welfare

Disaster base hospital

• Iwate disaster base hospital

Licensed Nursery School

• Iwate nursery school list

Education

Overview

UniversityThe university entrance rate is 98.4%, which is higher than the national average, but the university entrance rate is 10% or more lower.^[30].private schoolBecause the number ofPublic schoolHas an overwhelming specific gravity.

Achievement improvement measures

University entrance examination center examinationIs the lowest in the whole country^[31] Therefore, the prefecture is investing a budget to improve its academic ability.2005/(17) From now on, with prefectural expensesPrep schoolAlthough we are conducting a business that invites instructors, the fact that this approach is being carried out only at major schools is "Because the results of major schools are solid, measures for other high schools are also important for improving the enrollment rate." There is also an opinion.

It should be noted that the costs tend to be high when going to a university in the Tokyo metropolitan area.CollegeWas supposed to beIwate Prefectural University,UniversityHave also changed routes.

In 2009 in IchinosekiIchinoseki Daiichi High SchoolWe have set up an attached junior high school in Japan and are also working on integrated middle and high school education with a focus on developing leaders.

Educational institution

University

National

• Iwate University

public

• Iwate Prefectural University

private

• Morioka University
• Fuji University
• Iwate Medical University
• Iwate Health University
• Open University Iwate Learning Center

Junior college

public

• Iwate Prefectural University Morioka Junior College
• Iwate Prefectural University Miyako Junior College

private

• Morioka University Junior College
• Shuko Junior College

College of technology

National

• Ichinoseki National College of Technology

Vocational school

• List of Iwate special training schools

Special school

• List of Iwate special support schools

high school

• Iwate High School List

Junior high school

• Iwate Junior High School List

primary school

• Iwate Elementary School List

Kindergarten

• Iwate Kindergarten List

News and communication

Newspaper company

National/wide area (block) paper

• Yomiuri Shimbun(Branch)
• Asahi Shimbun(same)
• Mainichi Newspapers(same)
• Nihon Keizai Shimbun(same)
• Sankei Shimbun(same)
• Kahoku Shimpo(same)

National newspaperAre all published by the Tokyo headquarters. In addition, Yomiuri, Asahi, and Iwate are used for local news, but Sankei, Nikkei, and Hebei are published as Tohoku 6 prefecture versions instead of Iwate alone. Sports paper (Sports Nippon-Nikkan Sports-Sports report-Sankei sports) The local news page is the Tohoku 6 prefecture version, not all Iwate papers. Latte column TV is mainly published by Asahi, Mainichi and Yomiuri stations (located in Morioka). Other than that, many newspapers combine Aomori, Akita, and Iwate's “Northeast North” prefectures into one edition. However, in Aomori and Akita, there are four commercial broadcasting stations in Iwate and four commercial broadcasting stations in Iwate, so due to space limitations, Iwate broadcasting stations are not lined up in a row, some stations can be lowered to the bottom, or so-called "half size". There are also newspapers posted at. Many radios have newspapers that publish AM/FM of Tohoku prefecture, but it is difficult to listen to them.FukushimaBroadcasting stations may be omitted.

Local newspaper

• Iwate Daily(Morioka）
• Morioka Times(same)
• Isuzu Nichinichi Shimbun(Oshu City）
  • Oshu Hiraizumi Tourism Newspaper
• Iwate day(Ichinoseki）
• Iwate Tokai Newspaper(During publication,Kamaishi）
• Tokai Shimpo(Ofunato City）
• Daly Tohoku(Branch)

Latte column

• Iwate Nippo posted a full-size TV on the final page of the prosperous station.On the radio side (middle side), half-size stations in blue and in Sendai are posted as "2nd TV".Radio is only for active stations and community FM, and other prefecture stations are not posted.
• Morioka Times posted only the existing stations on the final page of both TV and radio, and did not publish other prefecture stations.
• In Iwate Nichinichi, TV is full-sized with the live station on the final side, and Sen-sen station is posted in half size on the right next to it. The radio shows the stations and stations in the middle, and is completely separated from the TV.
• Since the Sanryu Kamikita region of Aomori Prefecture is the center of the coverage and subscription area, daily stations are posted on the mit only on the last side with the same size as the blue station, and other existing stations are half-sized to the right. Posted in size. The radio is posted in the same size on the center as the stations in the prime station and the stations in the blue (AM stations in Tokyo = TBS, QR, LF in the smallest size on the right).

News agency

• Kyodo News(same)
• Newsletter(same)

Broadcaster

• The master station transmission stations for digital TV, prefectural FM stations, and complementary FM stations are allShinyama (Shiwa Town)It is installed in.

Prefectural broadcast

Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) Morioka Broadcasting Station

Terrestrial digital TV broadcasting(Ground digital) Remote control ID: Comprehensive 1, Education 2

IBC Iwate Broadcasting (IBC)

TV set:JNNSeries / terrestrial digital remote control ID: 6.radio:JRN-NRNseries.1953/(Showa 28) December 12 Radio opening1959/(Showa 34) TV opening on September 9)^{[Note 4]}

TV Iwate (TVI)

NNN-NNSSeries, terrestrial digital remote control ID: 4.1969/(Showa 44) December 12 open^{[Note 5]}..It broadcasts all night during normal times.Long time agoANNWas also a member.

FM Iwate (IMF)

JFNseries,1985/(Showa 60) December 10 open^{[Note 6]}

Iwate Menkoi TV (mit)

FNN-FNSSeries, terrestrial digital remote control ID: 8.1991/(Heisei 3) Starts April 4^{[Note 7]}）^{[Note 8]}

Iwate Asahi TV (IAT)

ANNSeries, terrestrial digital remote control ID: 5.1996/(Heisei 8) Starts April 10

Community broadcasting

• inland
  • Cassiopeia FM(Ninohe City (Distribute J-WAVE) * Before the start of FM supplementary broadcasting of IBC Iwate Broadcasting, the program of the same station was also distributed.
  • Radio Miooka(Morioka J-WAVE delivered)
  • FM One:(Hanamaki Delivering Music Bird)
  • Kitakami E & Be FM(Delivery of Kitakami City J-WAVE)
  • Oshu FM Broadcasting(Oshu City Delivering Music Bird)
  • FM tomorrow(Ichinoseki J-WAVE delivered)
• Sanriku coast
  • Miyako Harbor Radio(Miyako City Delivering Music Bird)
  • FM Nemarain(Ofunato City Delivering Music Bird)

Cable TV

• Cable TV station in Iwate Prefecture

When there were only two private broadcasting stations in the prefecture,Sendai Broadcast,East Japan BroadcastingThe re-transmissions of private broadcasting stations in Miyagi Prefecture were carried out, but now all four re-transmissions have been cancelled.

Culture/Sport

dialect

The dialect study of Iwate Prefecture is said to have come to the fore in the "Mikuni Tsuki" written by Takeshi Hattori, a samurai feudal clan, in 1790 (2nd year of Kansei). In "Mikuni Tsuki", the vocabulary used in everyday life is 567 words, and the Edo word "Kohoru" is used.Morioka dialectIt takes the form of a series of items corresponding to the "similar". Before and after Takeshi Hattori, Moritaka Kurokawa's "Tani Shimizu (1799)" and Omotomura Tsukasa "Moryo Dialect (1877)" are all vocabulary books.

In 1903 (Meiji 36), the dialect survey by the National Language Survey Committee was conducted, and as a result, schools and individuals in each region actively conducted surveys and research. It is said that it can be roughly divided into 2 areas into 4 areas, and when divided into 4 areas, the northern dialect area in the band form adjacent to Akita and Aomori prefectures from Hirono town to Nishiwaga town, the coastal dialect from Kuji city coast to Ofunato city north Central dialect region from central Morioka to central Tono city and northern Kitakami city, next to southern dialect region from Kanegasaki town to Kamaishi city^[32].

Food culture:

local cuisine

Special product, dish

Traditional crafts

Traditional crafts designated by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry

• Nanbu Ironware(Metalwork,1975/）
• Iwayado chest of drawers(Woodwork,1982/）
• Hidehira Nuri(lacquerware,1985/）
• Johoji lacquer(Lacquerware, 1985)

Traditional crafts

Sports

In Iwate prefectureProfessional baseball player,Major LeaguerHas produced a large number ofOtani Xiangping(Los Angeles angels),Kikuchi Yusei(Toronto Blue Jays),Rouki Sasaki(Chiba Lotte Marines) Etc. are being produced.

Tourism

world Heritage

• Hiraizumi-Architecture, gardens and archaeological sites representing the French land (Jodo)(Iwate Prefecture) (described in 23)
• Meiji Japan's Industrial Revolution Heritage Steel & Steelmaking, Shipbuilding, Coal Industry(Iwate prefecture, Shizuoka prefecture, Yamaguchi prefecture, Fukuoka prefecture, Kumamoto prefecture, Saga prefecture, Nagasaki prefecture, Kagoshima prefecture) (Listed in 27)
• Jomon Archaeological Sites in the northeastern part of Hokkaido(Hokkaido, Aomori prefecture, Iwate prefecture, Akita prefecture)

Tangible cultural property building

National treasure

• Chusonji Golden Hall (Hiraizumi Town)

Works set in Iwate Prefecture

Literary arts

Music

movies

Drama

• That person didn't come back(1965)
• Summer home(1976)
• Flaming(1993) Oshu City
• Principal Yuri, run!(Kansai TV, 1994) Hanamaki City
• Ghost of Ihatov(2000)
• Yoshitsune(2005) Oshu City
• Continuous tv novel"More and more sunny(2007) Morioka City
• Continuous TV novel "Ama-chan(2013) Kuji City

Manga anime

• Biography of a Guscouboli (Anime original:Kenji Miyazawa Director / Screenplay:Ryutaro Nakamura）
• Cello playing Gauche (Anime original:Kenji Miyazawa Director / Screenplay:Takahata Isao）
• Ihatov Illusion-KENjI Spring (Anime director/screenplay:Shoji Kawamori）
• Fushigi Yugi (Manga/Anime Original:Yuu Watase directed by :Kamegaki Hajime）
• Important things for magicians (Original comic:Norie Yamada Drawing:Yoshikumi Kumichi）
• Sixty-three sword (Manga:Murakami Motoka）
• Toripan (Manga:Tori no Nanko）
• Mamasuta Goo! (Comic by:Daisuke Igarashi）
• Little Forest (Comic by:Daisuke Igarashi）
• Petitco Home (Comic by:Tomokazu Sato）
• Lupine the 2rd (TV Series XNUMX) Episode 37 "Genghis Khan's Reserve Gold" (Original Manga:Monkey punch Supervision:Kiyojun Suzuki）
• Golgo 13 "Grain War: Ax of Shark" (Comic by:Saito Taka）
• Gorgo 13 "Grain War: Ax of the Mantis, Dirty Gold" (Comic by Takao Saito)
• Ron's magnifying glass (Manga originalRyu Mitsuse・DrawingKato Yufumi）
• Inukami! (Original light novel animation:Arisawa Mami Supervision:Keizo Kusagawa）
• The story of Shigeru Mizuki's Tono(Mizuki Shigeru）
• Comic Iwate(Various manga collection)
• Hayatine!(Manga:Fuku Morita Aiko）
• Lupine The Third Touhou Biography -Another Page-
• Her, camera and her season (Manga:A child child）
• Inugami and Nekoyama(Manga:Kuzushiro）
• Nitai and Kinana (Cartoon:Kimi Takamuro）
• Mayoiga on the cape(Anime: Original: Sachiko Kashiwaba Director:Shinya Kawatsura）

Game

person

Prefectural Honor Award Winners

The purpose is to honor the people who are widely loved by the citizens of the prefecture and who have achieved remarkable achievements in giving them bright hope and vitality.^[33].

1. Nippon Steel Corporation Kamaishi Steel WorksRugby club (January 1985)
2. Nikkei(November 1985)
3. Reika Sangada(November 1992)
4. Morioka Commercial High SchoolSoccer club (January 2007)
5. Hanamaki Higashi High SchoolBaseball club (October 2009)
6. Iwashimizu Azusa(November 2011)
7. Ryoyu Kobayashi^[34](November 2019)
8. Ryoyu Kobayashi (2nd time)^[35](November 2022)

footnote

注 釈

Source

References

• ,...Hiroshi Suzuki "History of Iwate Prefecture" Yamakawa Publishing Kodama Kota Supervised 3>, August 1999.ISBN 4-634-32030-4.OCLC 42967226. 
• Shijun, Hino, Koichi Iito, and Ryoichi Sato, "Lecture dialect 4-Dialog of Hokkaido/Tohoku region", Kokusho Publishing, 1998 ISBN 978-4-336-01975-2

Related literature

• Ryujiro Ichinohe "Local History of Iwate Prefecture" Hanshichi Yoshikawa, 1897.NDLJP:763238. 

Related item

• Category: Iwate
• Land China
• Rikuzen
• Mutsu
• Category tree of Iwate category
• Iwate Prefectural Office
• Tourist destinations in Iwate Prefecture
• List of prefectural roads in Iwate Prefecture
• Iwate High School List
  • List of closed schools in Iwate High School
• Iwate Junior High School List
  • List of closed schools in Iwate junior high school
• Iwate Elementary School List
• List of people from Iwate Prefecture
• Iwate-Miyagi Inland Earthquake
• List of Japanese local governments
• Geography of japan,Region of Japan

外部 リンク

• IwateGeographic data related to- Open street map
• Iwate Prefecture Official Site
• Iwate Prefectural Public Relations Division (@pref_iwate)- Twitter(Official account)
• Iwate General Disaster Prevention Office (@iwate_bousai)- Twitter
• Iwate Prefecture New Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Headquarters [Official] (@iwatevscovid19)- Twitter
• Iwate Prefectural Public Relations Division (@ pref.iwate)- Facebook(Official account)
• Iwate's trip -Iwate Prefecture Tourism Association